Sea-level pressure–air temperature teleconnections during northern hemisphere winter

Papadimas, C. D.; Bartzokas, A.; Lolis, C. J.; Hatzianastassiou, N.

doi:10.1007/s00704-011-0523-8

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…There are only few exceptions where a prognostic value was also found outside the Tropics. In one, a statistical relationship between monthly means of MSLP and 1,000 hPa air temperature (AT) was investigated for the Northern Hemisphere for January, February and March (Papadimas et al ., ). Factor analysis was applied to the data set, followed by correlation analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Teleconnection between mean sea level pressure in the North Atlantic for September, the AMO phase and mean temperature in Central Europe for December (1896–2015)

Babolcsai

Hirsch

2018

Meteorological Applications

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According to the present study, an atmospheric teleconnection is likely to exist between mean sea level pressure (MSLP) in the North Atlantic at early autumn (September) and temperature in Central Europe at early winter (December) based on the last 120 years. Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) might play an important role in this teleconnection, determining its direction. During a positive AMO phase, a North Atlantic MSLP above average in September is frequently followed by a colder-than-average December in Central Europe (in 80% of cases) whereas a warmer-than-average December is often observed in Central Europe after an under-average MSLP in the North Atlantic in September. According to the present investigation, this is caused by a strong tendency for blocking patterns over Northern Europe (mostly over the British Isles and Scandinavia) in the last month of the year, in the first case, and a weak tendency for that, in the second case. During a negative AMO phase, this connection is less certain. In the strong negative AMO phase between 1903 and 1925, the connection became reversed compared with that observed during the positive AMO phase. However, it was significantly strong. Within the much weaker negative AMO phase between 1963 and 1994, the connection was weaker, but rather similar to that observed during positive AMO phases. Since the revealed atmospheric teleconnection is characterized by a threemonth delay, it possesses a prognostic value and can be used to predict the probability of temperature anomaly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Teleconnection between mean sea level pressure in the North Atlantic for September, the AMO phase and mean temperature in Central Europe for December (1896–2015)

Babolcsai

Hirsch

2018

Meteorological Applications

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“…(1997), Romero et al (1999) and Papadimas et al (2011). As has been proposed by these 225 studies, it was necessary to apply factor analysis prior to cluster analysis to minimize 226 autocovariance in the dataset.…”

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confidence: 99%

Summer temperature extremes in northeastern Spain: spatial regionalization and links to atmospheric circulation (1960–2006)

Kenawy

López‐Moreno

Vicente‐Serrano

2012

Theor Appl Climatol

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8A procedure for classifying daily summer temperature extremes in northeastern Spain 9 into homogenous regions has been presented and evaluated. This procedure employed daily 10 temperature series from a dense network of 128 weather stations spanning the period from warm days), intensity (e.g. warmest day), and duration (e.g. maximum length of hot spell). 13Following the results of the principal components analysis (PCA) and the Ward´s method 14 of clustering, the study area was divided into four homogenous sub-regions in terms of both

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“…The NAO characterizes the strength of the subtropical high and polar low. The NAO is measured through the NAO index, which is obtained by the normalized pressure difference between the stations located in the Azores and Iceland [ 70 ]. A positive NAO represents a deeper low over Iceland and stronger subtropical high than normal and vice versa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Information Exchange in Idealized and Climate System Applications

Pothapakula

Primo

Ahrens

2019

Entropy

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Often in climate system studies, linear and symmetric statistical measures are applied to quantify interactions among subsystems or variables. However, they do not allow identification of the driving and responding subsystems. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to apply asymmetric measures from information theory: the axiomatically proposed transfer entropy and the first principle-based information flow to detect and quantify climate interactions. As their estimations are challenging, we initially tested nonparametric estimators like transfer entropy (TE)-binning, TE-kernel, and TE k-nearest neighbor and parametric estimators like TE-linear and information flow (IF)-linear with idealized two-dimensional test cases along with their sensitivity on sample size. Thereafter, we experimentally applied these methods to the Lorenz-96 model and to two real climate phenomena, i.e., (1) the Indo-Pacific Ocean coupling and (2) North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)–European air temperature coupling. As expected, the linear estimators work for linear systems but fail for strongly nonlinear systems. The TE-kernel and TE k-nearest neighbor estimators are reliable for linear and nonlinear systems. Nevertheless, the nonparametric methods are sensitive to parameter selection and sample size. Thus, this work proposes a composite use of the TE-kernel and TE k-nearest neighbor estimators along with parameter testing for consistent results. The revealed information exchange in Lorenz-96 is dominated by the slow subsystem component. For real climate phenomena, expected bidirectional information exchange between the Indian and Pacific SSTs was detected. Furthermore, expected information exchange from NAO to European air temperature was detected, but also unexpected reversal information exchange. The latter might hint to a hidden process driving both the NAO and European temperatures. Hence, the limitations, availability of time series length and the system at hand must be taken into account before drawing any conclusions from TE and IF-linear estimations.

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Sea-level pressure–air temperature teleconnections during northern hemisphere winter

Cited by 5 publications

References 59 publications

Teleconnection between mean sea level pressure in the North Atlantic for September, the AMO phase and mean temperature in Central Europe for December (1896–2015)

Teleconnection between mean sea level pressure in the North Atlantic for September, the AMO phase and mean temperature in Central Europe for December (1896–2015)

Summer temperature extremes in northeastern Spain: spatial regionalization and links to atmospheric circulation (1960–2006)

Quantification of Information Exchange in Idealized and Climate System Applications

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