Sea Bottom Classification by Means of Bathymetric LIDAR Data

Abstract

Abstract-Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) provides high horizontal and vertical resolution of spatial data located in point cloud images, and is increasingly being used in a number of applications and disciplines, which have concentrated on the exploit and manipulation of the data using mainly its three dimensional nature. Bathymetric LIDAR systems and data are mainly focused to map depths in shallow and clear waters with a high degree of accuracy. Additionally, the backscattering produced by the different materials distributed over the bottom surface causes that the returned intensity signal contains important information about the reflection properties of these materials. Processing conveniently these values using a Simplified Radiative Transfer Model, allows the identification of different sea bottom types. This paper presents an original method for the classification of sea bottom by means of information processing extracted from the images generated through LIDAR data. The results are validated using a vector database containing benthic information derived by marine surveys.

Optimization of Data Collection and Refinement of Post-processing Techniques for Maritime Canada's First Shallow Water Topographic-bathymetric Lidar Survey

“…Several authors have described using ALB depth derivative such as slope, deviation of depth, and rugosity (Collin et al, 2011b;Wedding et al, 2008;Zavalas et al, 2014), and others have used depth derivatives in combination with amplitude or bottom reflectance (Chust et al, 2010;Collin et al, 2012;Velasco et al, 2014;Wang and Philpot, 2007). Others have extracted different metrics from the bottom waveform and used them in classification (Collin et al, 2011a;Tulldahl and Wikström, 2012).…”

“…ALB data were used to discriminate cluster zones of massive stony coral colonies on patch reefs (Brock et al, 2006) and to map benthic habitats using the amplitude of the lidar bottom return (Wang and Philpot, 2007). Tulldahl and Wikström (2012) used data from the Hawkeye II to classify the seabed substratum and vegetation for a study site within the Baltic Sea, and Velasco et al (2014) used Hawkeye II data to classify the seabed off the coast of Spain. The Tenix LADS (laser airborne depth sounder) Mk II lidar was used for differentiating canopy structure of macroalgae communities (i.e., canopy structure classification), such as canopy forming kelp versus erect fine branching algae off the coast of Australia (Zavalas et al, 2014).…”

Efficient CORDIC Iteration Design of LiDAR Sensors’ Point-Cloud Map Reconstruction Technology

“…Three-dimensional LiDAR [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] sensors mainly use pulsed laser light emitted by a laser emitter to detect the environment or measure an object. The working principle is that laser light is emitted by LiDAR and hits the object.…”

“…The COS value of the vertical angle is multiplied by the value of the distance to obtain 28 bits, and the Z axis is divided by 10 3 . Approximate results can be achieved using the adder and shifting, as shown in Equation (16). In this section, we introduce the LiDAR decoding circuit to detail the role of each module and implement the digital hardware architecture.…”

The Use of Green Laser in LiDAR Bathymetry: State of the Art and Recent Advancements

“…Due to climate change and the constant rise in sea levels as a result of global warming, coastal zone management is of particular importance and needs to be monitored [ 7 ]. All spatial planning and coastal activities as well as offshore hydrological research and coastal engineering applications require bathymetric information [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”