“…Due to the need to preserve the artwork, this low sample number is common in the analysis of art works, particularly where destructive sampling is employed. [10,11] T A B L E 1 The list of major Raman features and their pigment assignment Sample number Peak position (cm À1 ) Assignment 4 539 Ultramarine/lapis lazuli [5][6][7] 6 1049 Lead white [6,8] 257 Red lead [5][6][7][8] 8 547 Ultramarine/lapis lazuli [5][6][7] 9 2152, 2120, 2091, 279, 216 Prussian blue [6,8] 1594, 1338 amorphous carbon [6,9] 1007 gypsum [7] 838, 532 chrome yellow [6,8] 986, 602 bone/ivory black [6,9] 12 629, 544, 438, 381, 328 Red lead [5][6][7][8] 17 1074 Gypsum [7] 545 Ultramarine/lapis lazuli [5][6][7] 252…”