Scrotal calculi: sonographic detection.

Linkowski, Gregory D.; Avellone, Anthony; Gooding, Gretchen A. W.

doi:10.1148/radiology.156.2.2989975

Cited by 52 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Highfrequency (7.5 to 15 MHz) US is the ideal method for the diagnosis of these calculi, because it offers increased resolution of the scrotal contents (3,4). During an US examination, the calculi are easily defined as round or ovoid due to the hyperechoic nature of the calcification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of scrotal calculi and its relationship to pain

Tan

Ozcan²,

Karaoğlanoğlu³

et al. 2011

Diagn Interv Radiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

303T he presence of scrotal calculi is a relatively rare condition that is characterized by the presence of freely mobile calcified bodies between the layers of the tunica vaginalis of the testes, which are often found in patients who have been referred for scrotal ultrasound (1). The etiology of the scrotal calculi is uncertain. However, inflammatory changes within the remnants of the appendix, testis or epididymis may play a role in the development of these types of calculi (1, 2). There are a limited number of studies on scrotal calculi in the literature, and most of these are case reports. Furthermore, to our knowledge, no clinical trial has focused on whether there is a relationship between scrotal calculi and pain.The purpose of this large series study was to determine the frequency of scrotal calculi in men who were referred for scrotal ultrasound, and to identify any associated pathologic conditions in order to investigate whether any relationship exists between the presence of scrotal calculi and pain. Materials and methodsThis research was approved by the institutional human ethics committee at our hospital. A retrospective review of the radiology data processing system database revealed the existence of 4084 ultrasonography (US) scrotal reports from 3435 men between January 2008 and February 2011.US examinations were performed using US equipment with a 9-14 MHz linear probe (Logic9, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA) and with an 8-14 MHz linear probe (Technos MPX, Esaote, Genoa, Italy). US examinations were performed by two radiologists who were experienced in ultrasound techniques. The examinations were performed while the patient was lying in the supine position. The scrotum was immobilized prior to the application of a small amount of gel, and the US scans were performed in the transverse, longitudinal and multiple oblique planes. In this study, the patient information and the US findings were obtained from the US reports. These reports had been recorded in the radiology information system and we evaluated each of the scrotal US reports.Scrotal calculi were defined as typical round or oval echogenic foci with or without acoustic shadowing that were located between the layers of the tunica vaginalis of the testes (Fig. 1). Additionally, scrotal abnormalities, such as the presence of hydrocele or varicocele, or any other testicular or epididymal abnormalities that were reported during the scrotal US examination, were noted.Following the identification of scrotal calculi from the US reports, a total of 67 patients were contacted by phone, and 40 patients were interviewed. Subsequently, patients were asked whether they had any scrotal PURPOSEThe purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of scrotal calculi in men referred for scrotal ultrasonography (US), to identify any associated pathologies, and to investigate if any relationship exists between scrotal lithiasis and pain. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis was a retrospective study in which 4084 scrotal US examinations in 3435 men were eval...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, repeated microtrauma may be a risk factor for the development of scrotal calculi (6,7). Histologically, the scrotal calculi consist of fibrinoid deposits around a central nidus of hydroxyapatite (3,8). Biochemical analyses of the calculi have revealed that they are composed of calcium, oxalate and phosphorus (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of scrotal calculi and its relationship to pain

Tan

Ozcan²,

Karaoğlanoğlu³

et al. 2011

Diagn Interv Radiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They may result from torsion of the appendix testes or appendix epididymis, or may represent inflammatory deposits that have formed along and separated from the tunica vaginalis. 53,54 On sonography they appear as mobile, echogenic foci with posterior acoustic shadowing (Fig. 29).…”

Section: Paratesticular Massesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonography Evaluation of Scrotal Masses

Sommers

Winter

2014

Radiologic Clinics of North America

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Such calcifications are believed to result from either torsion of the appendix testis, from inflammation of the tunica vaginalis testis, or from hematomas. 26,27 According to Horstmann, scrotoliths are calcified bodies without clinical importance. 28 However, intratesticular macrocalcifications may also raise the suspicion of large-cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumors, burned-out germ cell tumors, or, like in this case, posttraumatic changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%