Screening of plenum cables using a small‐scale fire test protocol

Khan, Mohammed M.; Bill, Robert G.; Alpert, Ronald L.

doi:10.1002/fam.899

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Thus, the higher the TRP value, the longer the time to ignition, the slower the fire propagation rate, and the lower the FPI value. For high TRP values with relatively low FPI values, there is empirical evidence [28,31,[43][44][45][46] that no fire propagation beyond the ignition zone will occur, defined as the nonfire-propagating behavior. Also, for materials with high CHF values, higher heat flux exposure is required to initiate a fire.…”

Section: Smoke Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combustion Characteristics of Materials and Generation of Fire Products

Khan

Tewarson

Chaos

2016

SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering

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Section: Smoke Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of the discussion above, an emprical parameter termed fire propagation index (FPI) [16,17,28,[42][43][44][45][46] Fig. 36.3).…”

Section: Fire Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Characteristics of Materials and Generation of Fire Products

Khan

Tewarson

Chaos

2016

SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering

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“…The influence of charring, fire retardants and absence or negligible amounts of hydrogen atoms in the fuel structure is compensated if these fuels are burned with other hydrogen atom containing fuels. Examples are the larger-scale parallel panel tests where high intensity propane burner is used as the ignition source that provides H and OH atoms [11,12,13].…”

Section: Superscriptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoke Emissions in Fires

Tewarson¹

2008

Fire Saf. Sci.

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Emission of smoke from various fire sizes and fuels has been examined using data from the literature. The data used for the examination were for the fully ventilated combustion of the mixed fuels of all compositions and for non-mixed single hydrogen atom containing fuels, without highly fire-retarded compositions. The combustion data used were for the smaller (0.008 m 2 in area) and larger (0.911-m 2 area) pool-like configuration. The data were also used for the combustion of fuels in vertical wall-like configuration consisting of single panel ( . The correlation holds for particulate dominated smoke and for fuels with non-particulate dominated smoke in the presence of H and OH atoms provided by other fuels or by the ignition source, such as a hydrocarbon gas burner. Deviation of the experimental data from the correlation appears to be due to the unaccountability of the non-particulates by the optical technique used to measure the particulates. A new technique that could measure both particulates and non-particulates in smoke would make the correlation to hold for all types of fuels and for all types of fire conditions including ventilation. Such a generalized correlation would be useful for smoke modeling and for the smoke hazard assessment.

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“…The large number of cone calorimeter apparatus and their worldwide distribution, indeed their presence in every fire lab, can serve as the basis for the acceptance and future establishment of this bench‐scale fire testing of cables. The efficacy of the approach, especially as compared with previous efforts to predict cable behaviour in the vertical large‐scale test , was a consequence of the changes in EN 50399, which now focusses on heat release results such as THR, FIGRA, and PHRR. These changes in the full‐scale standard have opened the door for a direct relation between the results for the same characteristic fire properties obtained in bench‐scale testing.…”

Section: Development Of the Bench‐scale Test Equipment For Cablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the reaction to fire of cables by a new bench‐scale method

Gallo¹,

Stöcklein²,

Klack

et al. 2016

Fire and Materials

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Summary The recently approved EU Construction Products Regulation (CPR) applies to cables as construction products. The difficulty of predicting the fire performance of cables with respect to propagation of flame and contribution to fire hazards is well known. The new standard EN 50399 describes a full‐scale test method for the classification of vertically mounted bunched cables according to CPR. Consideration of the material, time, and thus cost requires an alternative bench‐scale fire test, which finds strong demand for screening and development purposes. The development of such a bench‐scale fire test to assess the fire performance of multiple vertically mounted cables is described. A practical module for the cone calorimeter is proposed, simulating the fire scenario of the EN 50399 on the bench scale. The efficacy of this module in predicting full‐scale CPR test results is shown for a set of 20 different optical cables. Key properties such as peak heat release rate (PHRR), fire growth rate (FIGRA), and flame spread are linked to each other by factors of around 5. In a case study, the bench‐scale test designed was used to investigate the influence of the main components on the fire behaviour of a complex optical cable. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Screening of plenum cables using a small‐scale fire test protocol

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Combustion Characteristics of Materials and Generation of Fire Products

Combustion Characteristics of Materials and Generation of Fire Products

Smoke Emissions in Fires

Assessing the reaction to fire of cables by a new bench‐scale method

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