Screening of high biomass and phenolic producing clonal lines of spearmint in tissue culture usingpseudomonasand azetidine‐2 carboxylate.

Abstract

1999) Screening of high biomass and phenolic producing clonal lines of spearmint in tissue culture using pseudomonas and azetidine-2 carboxylate., Food Biotechnology, 13:3, 227-253, AbstractRosmarinic acid (RA) and related phenolics are natural antioxidants found as secondary metabolites in spearmint (Mentha spicata). These phenolic-secondary metabolites have diverse food processing and nutraceutical applications. Since natural cross-pollination results in plant to plant variation in the level of phenolic metabolites, tissue culture-based techniques are essential to isolate elite antioxidant-producing clonal lines. The objective of this research is to develop tissue culture-based selection techniques to isolate high rosmarinic acid and phenolic-producing clonal lines from a heterogenous bulk seed population of spearmint. Multiplied clonal shoots of each line were screened for tolerance to azetidine-2-carboxylate (A2C). Individual shoot apex of each line were also screened for Pseudomonas tolerance. Rosmarinic acid and total phenolics were assayed in 4 Corresponding author

Basil: A Source of Rosmarinic Acid

“…In vitro accumulation of Rosmarinic acid in suspensions of cells (68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74), hairy roots (7, 75, 76), and multiple shoots (77)(78) have been reported. Thus, in vitro cultures can provide an attractive alternative of RA production since the concentration of the metabolites can sometimes be higher than the original plants, easier to extract and grow in a bioreactor with the possibility to up scaling the process (79).…”

New Trends in Food Processing

“…At present most of such foods incorporate plant extracts, but it will probably become feasible (after overcoming the current scale-up limitation) to produce phytochemicals by cell and tissue culture techniques (Karel, 2000) due to the increasing knowledge about the biological activity of specific group of compounds. Recent developments have allowed the production of spearmint to have a higher content of phenolic compounds, hence antioxidant properties, by using tissue culturebased selection techniques to isolate high rosmarinic acid and phenolic-producing clonal lines (Al-Amier, 2000).…”

Heat stress reduces the accumulation of rosmarinic acid and the total antioxidant capacity in spearmint (Mentha spicata L)

“…With some success, researchers have developed clones of chemotypes of spearmint that overproduce rosmarinic acid. 9 These chemotypes perform well under controlled laboratory conditions; however, there are limited data on the effects of field environment and product processing on phenolic metabolism. Changing environmental conditions, resulting in an increased occurrence of heat and drought stress and the metabolic effects of heat stress, have become a major focus of plant research, especially on crop and food plants.…”

“…Owing to the heterozygous nature of seed-produced mint plants, this study makes use of cloned lines of spearmint, individually selected in tissue culture and increased vegetatively to reduce variation. 9 Therefore the effects of heat stress can be attributed directly to biochemical metabolism of the clonal genotype rather than to plant-to-plant variation.…”