Screening Maize for Tolerance to <i>Striga hermonthica</i>

Efron, Y.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb00577.x

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Therefore, for maximum gain from selection for Striga resistance and increased grain yield, it will be desirable to use a combination of grain yield, host damage syndrome rating and Striga emergence counts to improve both traits simultaneously. Similar findings were reported by Efron (1993) and Kim and Adetimirin (1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Consistency of performance of early-maturing maize cultivars in Striga-infested and Striga-free environments

Badu‐Apraku¹,

Yallou

Oyekunle

et al. 2015

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. Consistency of performance of early-maturing maize cultivars in Striga-infested and Striga-free environments. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1073Á1084. Despite the immense potential of maize (Zea mays L.) in savannas of West and Central Africa (WCA), production and productivity is constrained by Striga hermonthica parasitism. Sixteen early-maturing cultivars were evaluated at two locations in Nigeria and three locations in the Republic of Benin from 2007 to 2009 to assess the grain yield, stability and the consistency of the rankings of the cultivars under Striga-infested and Striga-free environments. The combined analysis of variance showed significant (PB0.01) cultivar and cultivar )environment interactions for grain yield and other traits under Striga-infested and Striga-free environments. The test of concordance was significant (P B0.001) for grain yield (W 00.68), number of emerged Striga plants (W 00.74) and Striga damage (W 00.56) under Striga infestation, indicating stability of resistance in the cultivars developed from diverse sources under artificial S. hermonthica infestation across environments. There was high consistency of the rankings of the cultivars for grain yield and other Striga-resistance traits under Striga-infested and Striga-free environments in Benin and Nigeria. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) biplot analysis for grain yield revealed POOL15SR/ACR94TZECOMP5-W/ACR94TZECOMP5-W and 2004 TZE-Y Pop DT STR C4 as the most stable cultivars with above-average mean grain yield in Striga-infested environments and they can be combined with other crop management options to control the parasite in the Striga endemic environments. Cultivars TZE Comp 5-W C7F2 and TZE Comp5-Y C6 S6 (Set B) had less Striga damage and number of emerged Striga plants across test environments. These cultivars could therefore serve as unique sources of favorable alleles for improving Striga resistance in maize in different production environments and farming systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Consistency of performance of early-maturing maize cultivars in Striga-infested and Striga-free environments

Badu‐Apraku¹,

Yallou

Oyekunle

et al. 2015

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…These results are not unusual since low grain yield of varieties under Striga infestation have been associated with high Striga damage symptoms as well as high emerged number of Striga plants (Menkir et al, 2007). The high negative significant correlation between grain yield and host plant Striga damage rating is consistent with the results of earlier studies (Kim, , 1994Efron, 1993;Kim & Adetimirin, 1995, 1997Badu-Apraku et al, 2004) and confirms that Striga damage is an appropriate trait for the assessment of Striga tolerance under Striga infestation.…”

Section: Maize Hybrid Evaluation Under Striga and Non Striga Infestatsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Western Kenya

Mbogo¹,

Dida²,

Owuor³

2016

JAS

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Striga hermonthica (Striga) weed is widespread in Kenya, where it causes significant cereal crop losses, particularly when susceptible varieties are grown. The use of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes that support reduced Striga hermonthica emergence can form an important basis for developing resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of diverse maize hybrids to Striga weed infestation and to identify high yielding and stable hybrids. Six experimental maize hybrids and three commercial hybrid checks (DK8031, PhB3253 and H513) were evaluated under Striga and Striga free conditions at Nyahera and Maseno in western Kenya in 2011 and 2012 growing seasons. The data collected included grain yields and other yield components; emerged Striga counts and Striga damage rating (on a scale of 1-5) at 8 and 10 weeks after planting (WAP). Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in grain yield and yield components; emerged Striga counts and Striga damage syndrome in both years. Negative correlation (r) was observed between emerged Striga and yield as well as between Striga damage ratings and yield. Maseno experimental hybrids produced much better grain yields and were more stable compared to commercial varieties under Striga infestation and in Striga free fields. Deployment of the tolerant/resistant high yielding well adapted hybrids coupled with other management options such as rotation with legumes and cultural practices could possibly help in depletion of Striga seed bank in the soils in western Kenya. EH12 and EH14 maize hybrids were formally released for commercialization in the Striga endemic areas of western Kenya.

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“…The yield potential of horizontal resistant varieties of maize was tested in research stations or farmers' fields in Cameroon (1984Cameroon ( , 1987Cameroon ( , 1988Cameroon ( and 1990Cameroon ( -1994, Republic of Benin (1988, 1990, 1993, the Ivory Coast (1990( , 1993( ), Ghana (1991( -1994 and Togo (1991) (S. K. Kim and C. Th6 unpublished data). Under heavy Striga infestation, the mean yields of resistant varieties (e.g.…”

Section: Multilocation Trials: Experience and Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sorghum cropping appears to be the major contributor to increased Striga seed populations (Efron 1993;Kim et al 1994b;Berner et al 1995), whereas the continuous cropping of maize reduces Striga infection. Observations made from 21 experimental fields, commercial farms and small-scale farms support this conclusion (Kim et al 1996b;Kim and Adetimirin 1995).…”

Section: Multilocation Trials: Experience and Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal resistance: core to a research breakthrough to combat Striga in Africa

Kim

1996

Integr Pest Manag Rev

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The parasitic flowering plants, Striga species, represent the largest biological constraint to cereal and legume crop production in sub-Saharan Africa. Eighty-three percent of Striga worldwide (35 species) occurs in Africa. Among them, Striga hermonthica causes the greatest damage. The IITA's scientists began research on breeding maize for horizontal resistance to Striga in 1982. By 1995 a comprehensive approach to combat Striga on maize had been developed and demonstrated. This included the development of a simple field infestation technique, the discovery of durable resistance genes, genetic studies of resistance genes and the formation of many resistant varieties (hybrids and synthetics) with high grain quality, high grain and stover yields and a combined resistance to major biotic and abiotic stresses. Multilocation testing and subsequent seed multiplication of the resistant varieties was carried out by national programmes in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Togo. Striga-resistant maize varieties show horizontal resistance not only to S. hermonthica, but also to another species, Striga asiatica. Based on the results of a 15year research, an integrated approach using resistant varieties and cereal-legume intercropping or rotation is recommended as a sustainable and permanent solution to combat Striga in Africa. This horizontal resistance package, with a combined resistance to other biotic stresses, could be applicable not only to Striga problems in other crops such as sorghum, millet, rice and cowpea, but also to other parasitic weeds, such as Orobanche species. This paper reviews and discusses why, approximately a century's research work on parasitic weeds, has not led to a major research breakthrough.

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Screening Maize for Tolerance to Striga hermonthica

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Consistency of performance of early-maturing maize cultivars in Striga-infested and Striga-free environments

Consistency of performance of early-maturing maize cultivars in Striga-infested and Striga-free environments

Effect of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Western Kenya

Horizontal resistance: core to a research breakthrough to combat Striga in Africa

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