Screening for Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients in Peru Reveals an Absence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Identifies Trichomonas vaginalis in Pharyngeal Specimens

Press, Natasha; Chávez, Vintimilla; Ticona, Eduardo; Calderón, Maritza; Apolinário, Isabel; Culotta, A.; Arévalo, Jorge; Gilman, Robert H.

doi:10.1086/319202

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1-4 8 9 However, recent reports on the presence of trichomonads in non-traditional sites, with the use of molecular diagnostic methods, indicate otherwise. [21][22][23][24] The difficulty in morphological differentiation of trichomonads has also been highlighted in veterinary medical practice. Romatowski 25 initially reported isolating P hominis from the gut of kittens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of evidence for the involvement of rectal and oral trichomonads in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis in Ghana

Adu‐Sarkodie

Opoku

Crucitti

et al. 2006

Sexually Transmitted Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To investigate the possible involvement of human trichomonads (Pentatrichomonas hominis and Trichomonas tenax) other than Trichomonas vaginalis in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis. Methods: Vaginal swabs taken from women attending antenatal clinics were tested for Trichomonas vaginalis by traditional assays (wet-mount microscopy and InPouch culture) and nucleic acid amplification (polymerase chain reaction). These swabs were also tested for the presence of P hominis and T tenax by nucleic acid amplification. Oral and rectal swabs from these women were tested for T tenax and P hominis respectively. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, sexual and anogenital hygiene practices likely to seed P hominis and T tenax into the vagina were collected by a questionnaire. Results: 93% (161) of the 173 samples in which T vaginalis was detected by wet preparation or culture was evaluable by PCR. Of this, T vaginalis was detected in 94% (152) by T vaginalis-specific PCR. Neither P hominis nor T tenax was detected in any of the vaginal swab samples. These included nine samples for which T vaginalis had been detected by wet preparation or culture, but were negative by T vaginalis nucleic acid amplification. P hominis and T tenax were not detected in any of the rectal and oral swabs, respectively. Conclusion: In this group of women, there was no evidence for the involvement of trichomonads other than T vaginalis in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis.T he causative agent of vaginal trichomoniasis is the flagellated protozoon parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. Evidence for this has come from epidemiological, laboratory and clinical studies conducted in the 1930s and 1940s. 1-4The main diagnostic criterion used was the morphologically based wet preparation direct microscopy (wet prep), reported by Donné 5 in 1836. Two other trichomonads (Pentatrichomonas hominis and Trichomonas tenax) are morphologically identical with T vaginalis at microscopy, and some investigators have expressed caution at delineating all trichomonads found in the vagina as T vaginalis. P hominis is a commensal in the gut and T tenax is a commensal in the oral cavity. Walton and Bacharach 6 and Hersh 7 reporting on this diagnostic dilemma commented that morphological differentiation between the three trichomonads was difficult and that earlier investigators gave no reliable differentiation between them. This notwithstanding, Honigberg 8 and Wenrich 9 stated that these three species of trichomonads have distinct habitats and will not survive outside them.Recent epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested the possible involvement of human trichomonads other than T vaginalis in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis. Buvé et al 10 reported finding T vaginalis by microscopy in 40% of adolescent girls in Zambia, many of whom denied ever having sexual intercourse. The plausibility of finding P hominis in the vagina has been highlighted by a recent report detecting two cases in vaginal swabs using nucleic acid amplification techniques (...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of evidence for the involvement of rectal and oral trichomonads in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis in Ghana

Adu‐Sarkodie

Opoku

Crucitti

et al. 2006

Sexually Transmitted Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, low cost and low toxicity are their principle advantages [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of salicylaldehyde benzenesulfonylhydrazone (Hsalbsmh)and its Nickel(II), Palladium(II), Platinum(II), Copper(II), Cobalt(II) complexes

Aslan

Özcan

Karacan

2011

Inorganic Chemistry Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The same study revealed a 1.5% T. vaginalis detection rate from rectal swabs collected from a group of 952 women. An initial assessment of T. vaginalis extraurogenital detection in men (33) revealed that 3 of 70 human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals had detectable pharyngeal T. vaginalis by PCR. Two of the men were asymptomatic at the time of specimen collection, and all acknowledged a history of orogenital sexual activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Assessment of Transcription-Mediated Amplification-Based Screening for Trichomonas vaginalis in Male Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinic Patients

Munson

Wenten²,

Phipps³

et al. 2013

J Clin Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) enhances detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis from rectal and pharyngeal sources. The utility of TMA for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis has recently been described. We report on the performance of TMA for detection of sexually transmitted infection (STI) agents from extraurogenital sources, with a focus on T. vaginalis. Within a 21-month interval, 1,314 consecutive male patient encounters at an STI clinic resulted in collection of 2,408 specimens for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, and T. vaginalis TMA screening. A total of 471 encounters were managed with a single specimen collection (94.9% urine), with 12.7% positive for at least one STI agent. This detection percentage increased to 14.4% with collection of specimens from two sources and to 20.3% with collection from three sources (P ‫؍‬ 0.03 versus single-source sampling). A total of 44.4% of encounters were managed by collection of urine and pharyngeal specimens and 19.1% by the addition of a third (rectal) collection. While procurement of urine and rectal specimens resulted in greater detection of C. trachomatis (6.1% and 11.3% rates, respectively) than of other STI agents, 858 pharyngeal specimens yielded a 2.9% T. vaginalis detection rate compared with 2.1% for N. gonorrhoeae and 1.6% for C. trachomatis. All T. vaginalis pharyngeal detections were confirmed by TMA-based alternative target testing. A total of 38.1% of T. vaginalis-positive pharyngeal specimens were derived from symptomatic patient encounters. A total of 85.7% of males with T. vaginalis-positive pharyngeal collections indicated strictly heterosexual preference. Additional specimen source sampling is necessary to make STI screening comprehensive. Incorporation of extraurogenital sources into assessment for T. vaginalis detection may identify additional symptomatic and asymptomatic male STI carriers.

show abstract

Screening for Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients in Peru Reveals an Absence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Identifies Trichomonas vaginalis in Pharyngeal Specimens

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Lack of evidence for the involvement of rectal and oral trichomonads in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis in Ghana

Lack of evidence for the involvement of rectal and oral trichomonads in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis in Ghana

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of salicylaldehyde benzenesulfonylhydrazone (Hsalbsmh)and its Nickel(II), Palladium(II), Platinum(II), Copper(II), Cobalt(II) complexes

Retrospective Assessment of Transcription-Mediated Amplification-Based Screening for Trichomonas vaginalis in Male Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinic Patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About