Screening for Ovarian Cancer

Carlson, Karen J.; Skates, Steven J.; Singer, Daniel E.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-121-2-199407150-00009

Cited by 127 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Sensitivity in stage 1 disease is less than 50%, and in some histological subtypes of EOC, such as mucinous ovarian cancer, CA125 is only rarely elevated [12, 13]. In terms of specificity, CA125 levels are highly volatile in healthy subjects, particularly in premenopausal women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human epididymis protein 4 reference limits and natural variation in a Nordic reference population

et al. 2011

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The objectives of this study are to establish reference limits for human epididymis protein 4, HE4, and investigate factors influencing HE4 levels in healthy subjects. HE4 was measured in 1,591 samples from the Nordic Reference Interval Project Bio-bank and Database biobank, using the manual HE4 EIA (Fujirebio) for 802 samples and the Architect HE4 (Abbott) for 792 samples. Reference limits were calculated using the statistical software R. The influence of donor characteristics such as age, sex, body mass index, smoking habits, and creatinine on HE4 levels was investigated using a multivariate model. The study showed that age is the main determinant of HE4 in healthy subjects, corresponding to 2% higher HE4 levels at 30 years (compared to 20 years), 9% at 40 years, 20% at 50 years, 37% at 60 years, 63% at 70 years, and 101% at 80 years. HE4 levels are 29% higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. In conclusion, HE4 levels in healthy subjects are associated with age and smoking status. Age-dependent reference limits are suggested.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13277-011-0256-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human epididymis protein 4 reference limits and natural variation in a Nordic reference population

et al. 2011

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“…Serum CA-125, combined with bimanual vaginal examination and transvaginal ultrasonography, has also been suggested for early detection of ovarian can cer [7][8][9]. However, in a recent review, the use of serum CA-125 as a screening test for early detection of ovarian cancer was only recommended for women with a family history of hereditary ovarian cancer syndrome who are at a substantial risk of developing ovarian cancer [10], Elevated serum CA-125 levels have also been found in patients with benign or malignant ascites not caused by ovarian carcinoma [11], and in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease [12], as well as in some patients with endometrial and pancreatic malignancies, endome triosis, uterine leiomyomas, early pregnancy, and benign ovarian cyst [13], Furthermore, patients with cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, or ovarian carcinoma were found to have much higher CA-125 levels if they had ascites [11], and in patients with ovarian carcinoma and peritoneal carcinomatosis, the presence of ascites was associated with higher serum CA-125 levels [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum CA-125 Level in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Maintained on Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis or Hemodialysis: The Effect of Continuous Presence of Peritoneal Fluid, Peritonitis, and Peritoneal Catheter Implantation

Bastani

Chu²

1995

Am J Nephrol

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Serum CA-12 5 an ovarian tumor marker, is used to screen and follow up patients with ovarian cancer. Normal values ( < 35 U/ml) have been reported in patients with end-stage renal disease and patients maintained on chronic hemodialysis (HD). Non-malignant ascites has been associated with high serum levels of CA-125, suggesting that the presence of fluid in the peritoneal cavity may stimulate its release. We studied 38 HD and 43 chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with regard to serum CA-125 levels. In the HD patients, the mean ± SE serum CA-125 level was 10.1 ± 1.7 U/ml (range < 5-39) with 8% of the patients having serum levels of > 35 U/ml. In the CAPD patients, the mean serum CA-125 level in all samples collected (n = 68) was 17.7 ± 2.7 U/ml (range < 5-101, p < 0.01 vs. HD) with 16% of the sera showing levels of > 35 U/ml. The high serum CA-125 levels in the CAPD patients were from sera obtained within 2 months of diagnosis of peritonitis, peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter implantation, or intra-abdominal surgery. When serum samples from this 2-month period were excluded, the mean serum CA-125 level was 8.9 ± 1.5 U/ml (p = NS vs. HD) and only 1 patient had an abnormal level. Peritoneal dialysate CA-125 levels during an episode of peritonitis were significantly higher than at the baseline (69.1 ± 14.2 vs. 21 ± 2.5, p = 0.004) and both were significantly higher than the serum levels (p < 0.0001). Serum CA-125 levels were also the same in both sexes and races. In conclusion, it was found that while the serum CA-125 level is within normal limits in the majority of HD and stable CAPD patients, it is not uncommon that it is elevated in CAPD patients within 2 months of peritonitis, PD catheter placement, or intra-abdominal surgery, particularly when peritoneal exchanges are temporarily on hold in the latter two. The serum CA-125 level should be interpreted with caution in the CAPD patients as it may be a non-specific marker of peritoneal irritation. It was also found that there was a significant removal of CA-125 by the peritoneal fluid which markedly increased during episodes of peritonitis.

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“…Patogenezi net olmamakla birlikte sistemik T hücre disfonksiyonuna bağlı glomerüler geçir-genlik faktörlerinde artış olduğu, artan bu faktörlerin glomerüler kapiller duvara direkt etkileri ile ayaksı çıkıntılarda yapışıklık geliştiği düşünülmektedir (5,6). CA 125 glikoprotein antijeninin serum konsantrasyonunun ölçümü, over kanserleri için kullanılan en sık biyokimyasal takip yöntemi olup erken dönem over hastalıklarında %50; ileri türk nefroloji diyaliz ve transplantasyon dergisi Turkish Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Journal Bozacı İ ve ark: Nefrotik Sendrom CA 125 Yüksekliği evre hastalıklarda ise %80 oranında yüksek saptanabilmektedir (7). CA 125, spesivitesi sınırlı bir biyomarkırdır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

CA 125 Elevation Due to Minimal Change Disease

Bozacı¹,

Şahin²,

Vasi³

et al. 2016

Turk Neph Dial Transpl

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ÖzMinimal değişiklik hastalığı, primer veya sekonder olarak gelişebilen,erişkin dönem nefrotik sendrom olgularının %10-15'ine neden olan glomerüler bir hastalıktır. CA 125 glikoprotein antijeninin serum konsantrasyonunun ölçümü, over kanserleri için en sık kullanılan, ancak spesivitesi sınırlı bir biyokimyasal takip yöntemidir. Ortalama CA 125 seviyeleri, etnisite ve sigara içme durumuna göre değişiklik gösterir ve yaşla birlikte artar. Seviyeleri, sağlıklı kadınların yaklaşık %1'inde yüksek saptanabilmekte, menstrüel siklus boyunca dalgalanma göstermekte, over patolojileri dışında birçok durumda da yüksek saptanabilmektedir. Olgumuzda, 19 yaşında kadın hastada yaklaşık otuz kat kadar artmış CA 125 yüksekliğinin nedeni olarak nefrotik sendrom saptandı. Ayırıcı tanılar arasında, bu kadar yüksek değerlerde dahi nefrotik sendromun akılda tutulması gerektiğini vurgulamayı amaçladık.

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Screening for Ovarian Cancer

Cited by 127 publications

References 18 publications

Human epididymis protein 4 reference limits and natural variation in a Nordic reference population

Human epididymis protein 4 reference limits and natural variation in a Nordic reference population

Serum CA-125 Level in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Maintained on Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis or Hemodialysis: The Effect of Continuous Presence of Peritoneal Fluid, Peritonitis, and Peritoneal Catheter Implantation

CA 125 Elevation Due to Minimal Change Disease

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