Screening for Depression, Anxiety, and General Psychological Distress in Pre-operative Surgical Patients: A Psychometric Analysis of the Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (Phq-4)

Kerper, Léonie F.; Spies, Claudia; Tillinger, Janina; Wegscheider, Karl; Salz, Anna-Lena; Weiß-Gerlach, Edith; Neumann, Tim; Krampe, Henning

doi:10.29102/clinhp.14002

Cited by 24 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It uses a four-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day). The PHQ-4 has demonstrated good reliability and validity in both clinical and population samples; the two-factor structure was confirmed by CFA (e.g., Löwe et al, 2010;Kerper et al, 2014). Cronbach's alpha in the present study was 0.83.…”

Section: Socio-moral Climate Questionnaire (Short)supporting

confidence: 71%

ME-Work: Development and Validation of a Modular Meaning in Work Inventory

Schnell

Hoffmann

2020

Front. Psychol.

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As research on meaning in work progresses, access to theoretically integrated, differentiated survey instruments becomes crucial. In response to this demand, the present article introduces ME-Work, a modular inventory to measure meaning in work. Derived from research findings on meaning in life, the ME-Work inventory offers three modules that can be used separately or jointly. Module 1 assesses four facets of meaning in work, i.e., coherence, significance, purpose and belonging; module 2 measures the subjective assessment of work as meaningful or meaningless, and module 3 records the extent to which work is perceived as a source of meaning. We report on the development of the instrument and the results of an exploratory factor analysis in a pilot study of 115 working adults. A further study with 278 working adults provided evidence for construct and incremental validity. Relationships with meaning in life, mental health, job satisfaction, socio-moral climate, burnout and work as meaning were investigated. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the factor structure. Gender-specific analyses of the four facets of meaning’s differential predictive power provided additional insights. Practical implications and further research needs are discussed.

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Section: Socio-moral Climate Questionnaire (Short)supporting

confidence: 71%

ME-Work: Development and Validation of a Modular Meaning in Work Inventory

Schnell

Hoffmann

2020

Front. Psychol.

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“…Table 2 shows the prevalence of PHQ-4 scores for different cut-offs discussed in the literature ( 66 , 69 ), as well as the prevalence of crises of meaning [cut-off according to ( 75 )]. Prevalences are shown in percent, for the total sample, men and women, three age groups, and the two survey groups (lockdown/after lockdown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cronbach’s alpha in this study was .84. Several cut-off points have been validated with ≥3, ≥4, and ≥6 indicating mild, moderate, and severe mental distress ( 66 , 69 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meaning in Life and Self-Control Buffer Stress in Times of COVID-19: Moderating and Mediating Effects With Regard to Mental Distress

2020

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Background As evidenced by several studies, mental distress increased substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this period, citizens were asked to exercise a high degree of self-control with regard to personal and social health behavior. At the same time, we witnessed an increase of prosocial acts and shared creative expressions, which are known to serve as sources of meaning. Meaning in life and self-control are acknowledged psychological resources. Especially in times of crisis, meaning in life has been shown to be a crucial factor for resilience and coping. However, threatening and stressful situations can also jeopardize existential security and trigger crises of meaning. The present study aimed to document levels of acute COVID-19 stress and general mental distress in Germany and Austria during the lockdown and in the weeks thereafter. In order to identify potential risk factors related to demographics and living conditions, their associations with COVID-19 stress were analyzed exploratively. The primary objective of the study, however, was to investigate the buffering effect of two psychological resources—meaningfulness and self-control—with regard to the relation between acute COVID-19 stress and general mental distress. Finally, a potential aggravation of mental distress due to the occurrence of crises of meaning was examined. Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted online during lockdown (survey group 1) and the subsequent weeks characterized by eased restrictions (survey group 2). A total of N = 1,538 German-speaking participants completed a questionnaire battery including a novel measure of acute COVID-19 stress, meaningfulness and crisis of meaning (SoMe), self-control (SCS-KD), and a screening of general mental distress, measured by core symptoms of depression and anxiety (PHQ-4). In a first step, associations between living conditions, demographics, and COVID-19 stress were explored. Second, a moderation and a mediation model were tested. Meaningfulness, a measure of presence of meaning in life, as well as self-control were proposed to serve as buffers in a time of crisis, thus moderating the relation between acute COVID-19 stress and general mental distress (double moderation). Crisis of meaning, operationalizing an experienced lack of meaning in life, was proposed to mediate the relationship between acute COVID-19 stress and general mental distress, with an assumed moderation of the association between COVID-19 stress and crisis of meaning by survey group (lockdown versus eased restrictions after lockdown), and a hypothesized moderation of the link between crisis of meaning and general mental distress by self-control (dual moderated mediation). Results COVID-19 stress was slightly right-skewed. Scores were higher during lockdown than in the weeks thereafter. The rate of clinically significant general mental distress was high, exceeding prevalence rates from both the general population and clinical samples of t...

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“…The psychometric properties of the PHQ-4 were recently examined in a sample of surgical patients attending preoperative anesthesiological assessment clinics ( N = 2,852) in Germany (Kerper et al, 2014). Approximately half of the sample was female (Age: M = 47 years).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Evaluation of the Patient Health Questionnaire–4 in Hispanic Americans

Mills

Fox

Pan

et al. 2015

Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences

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The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), a screener of psychological distress, in English- and Spanish-speaking Hispanic Americans. Hispanic American adults (N = 436) completed the PHQ-4, which yields two subscales (anxiety and depression) that can be summed to create a total score. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate structural validity. The two-factor structure was the best fit to the data for both English- and Spanish-speaking Hispanic Americans and items loaded equivalently across groups, demonstrating measurement invariance. Internal consistency reliability was good as measured by coefficient alpha. Construct validity was evidenced by significant expected relationships with perceived stress. These findings provide support for the reliability and validity of the PHQ-4 as a brief measure of psychological distress for English- or Spanish-speaking Hispanic Americans.

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Screening for Depression, Anxiety, and General Psychological Distress in Pre-operative Surgical Patients: A Psychometric Analysis of the Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (Phq-4)

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

ME-Work: Development and Validation of a Modular Meaning in Work Inventory

ME-Work: Development and Validation of a Modular Meaning in Work Inventory

Meaning in Life and Self-Control Buffer Stress in Times of COVID-19: Moderating and Mediating Effects With Regard to Mental Distress

Psychometric Evaluation of the Patient Health Questionnaire–4 in Hispanic Americans

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