Screening blood donors for gastrointestinal illness: a strategy to eliminate carriers of Yersinia enterocolitica

Bj, Grossman; Kollins, P; Lau, PM; Perreten, JL; Bowman, RJ; Malcolm, Stuart; Palko, WM

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31691306245.x

Cited by 57 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Screening of donors to detect a possible risk of infection or transient bacteremia (e.g., from recent dental procedures) is routinely performed. However, questioning about symptoms suggestive of infection are often problematic; for example, gastrointestinal symptoms have not been a specific predictor (13% of donors have had gastrointestinal symptoms in the previous 30 days) (28). Such questioning also lacked sensitivity, since only 13 of 20 donors associated with Y. enterocolitica-contaminated red blood cells recalled a history of gastrointestinal symptoms (38, 39, 60; Cookson et al, Prog.…”

Section: Avoidancementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components

2005

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Blood for transfusion is a potential source of infection by a variety of known and unknown transmissible agents. Over the last 20 years, astounding reductions in the risk of viral infection via allogeneic blood have been achieved. As a result of this success, bacterial contamination of blood products has emerged as the greatest residual source of transfusion-transmitted disease. This paper summarizes the current status of detection, prevention, and elimination of bacteria in blood products for transfusion

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Section: Avoidancementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components

2005

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“…42 Transfusion-associated Yersinia enterocolitica sepsis varies markedly from country to country, with an estimated incidence of 1 per 65,000 transfusions in New Zealand to 1 per 500,000 transfusions in the US. 43,44 It is important to note that Yersinia-related sepsis is very episodic.…”

Section: Sources Of the Bacterial Contamination Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

Hillyer

Josephson²,

Blajchman³

et al. 2003

Hematology

218

210

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Bacterial contamination of transfusion products, especially platelets, is a longstanding problem that has been partially controlled through modern phlebotomy practices, refrigeration of red cells, freezing of plasma and improved materials for transfusion product collection and storage. Bacterial contamination of platelet products has been acknowledged as the most frequent infectious risk from transfusion occurring in approximately 1 of 2,000-3,000 whole-blood derived, random donor platelets, and apheresis-derived, single donor platelets. In the US, bacterial contamination is considered the second most common cause of death overall from transfusion (after clerical errors) with mortality rates ranging from 1:20,000 to 1:85,000 donor exposures. Estimates of severe morbidity and mortality range from 100 to 150 transfused individuals each year.Concern This Joint ASH and AABB Educational Session reviews the risks, testing strategies, and regulatory approaches regarding bacterial contamination of blood components to aid in preparing practitioners of hematology and transfusion medicine in understanding the background and clinical relevance of this clinically important issue and in considering the approaches currently available for its mitigation, as well as their implementation.In this chapter, Drs. Hillyer and Josephson review the background and significance of bacterial contamination, as well as address the definitions, conceptions and limitations of the terms risk, safe and safety. They then describe current transfusion risks including non-infectious serious hazards of transfusion, and current and emerging viral risks. In the body of the text, Dr. Blajchman reviews the prevalence of bacterial contamination in cellular blood components in detail with current references to a variety of important studies. He then describes the signs and symptoms of transfusion-associated sepsis and the sources of the bacterial contamination for cellular blood products including donor bacteremia, and contamination during whole blood collection and of the collection pack. This is followed by strategies to decrease the transfusion-associated morbidity/mortality risk of contaminated cellular blood products 576American Society of Hematology including improving donor skin disinfection, removal of first aliquot of donor blood, pretransfusion detection of bacteria, reducing recipient exposure, and pathogen reduction/inactivation. In the final sections, Drs. Vostal, Epstein and Goodman describe the regulations and regulatory approaches critical to the appropriate implementation of a bacterial contamination screening and limitation program including their and/or the FDA's input on prevention of bacterial contamination, bacterial proliferation, and detection of bacteria in transfusion products. This is followed by a discussion of sampling strategy for detection of bacteria in a transfusion product, as well as the current approval process for bacterial detection devices, trials recommended under "actual clinical use" conditions, pathogen reduction ...

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“…In 1969, Murphy and Gardner [7] demonstrated that platelet storage at 22 C led to improved in vivo viability and function as compared to storage at 13, 20, and 37 C. These observations led to the current practice of storing platelets at room temperature (20)(21)(22)(23)(24) C) for up to 5 days [8]. Initial reports by several authors in the 1970s suggested that bacterial contamination might not be a significant problem for platelets stored at room temperature [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus bovis septic shock due to contaminated transfused platelets

et al. 2004

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Although most physicians and the public are primarily concerned about the risk of transmitting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis virus during a platelet transfusion, bacterial contamination is actually the most common infectious complication. Unlike red blood cells, platelets are stored at room temperature (20-24°C), which raises the risk of bacterial proliferation. The risk of bacterial sepsis is 2.5-fold higher for each unit of transfused platelets compared to each unit of red blood cells. We report an unusual case of Streptococcus bovis septic shock associated with a contaminated platelet transfusion. Am.

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Screening blood donors for gastrointestinal illness: a strategy to eliminate carriers of Yersinia enterocolitica

Cited by 57 publications

References 3 publications

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

Streptococcus bovis septic shock due to contaminated transfused platelets

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