Screening and characterisation of potentially pathogenic bacteria associated with Atlantic cod<i>Gadus morhua</i>larvae: bath challenge trials using a multidish system

Sandlund, Nina; Bergh, Øivind

doi:10.3354/dao01934

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…5). V. anguillarum is a well described pathogen of cod larvae, juveniles and adults (Reid et al, 2009;Samuelsen et al, 2006;Sandlund and Bergh, 2008;Toranzo et al, 2005). In the present study, no clear correlation was observed between the presence of fish pathogenic bacteria belonging to species within the Vibrionaceae family and increased mortality.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Water quality and microbial community structure in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) cultures

et al. 2011

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Havforskningsinstituttets institusjonelle arkiv Brage IMR - Institutional repository of the Institute of Marine Research b r a g e i m rDette er forfatters siste versjon av den fagfellevurderte artikkelen, vanligvis omtalt som postprint. I Brage IMR er denne artikkelen ikke publisert med forlagets layout fordi forlaget ikke tillater dette. Du finner lenke til forlagets versjon i Brage-posten. Det anbefales at referanser til artikkelen hentes fra forlagets side. Ved lenking til artikkelen skal det lenkes til post i Brage IMR, ikke direkte til pdf-fil.This is the author's last version of the article after peer review and is not the publisher's version, usually referred to as postprint. You will find a link to the publisher's version in Brage IMR. It is recommended that you obtain the references from the publisher's site.Linking to the article should be to the Brage-record, not This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractThe effect of water treatment and flow rate on young Atlantic cod juveniles was investigated in a 36-days experiment. Four different flow rates (10, 20, 40, and 70 times the effective tank volume per day) were set up in triplicate tanks within each of three rigs with recirculated, UV-radiated, and untreated water, respectively. Each of the 36 tanks was stocked with 200 weaned cod juveniles at a mean weight of 0.048g. Fish mortality was recorded daily in all tanks, and growth (wet weight) was determined at the end of the experiment. The microflora in the rearing water was investigated by means of PCR-DGGE and flow cytometry. Observed mortality was significantly higher at low flow rates while otherwise unexplained mortality (presumed to be due to cannibalism) was lowest in the recirculation system. No correlation was found between survival and growth. Growth was significantly affected by both water exchange rate and treatment, as the juveniles from high flow rates and the UV-treatment showed elevated growth rates. Both growth and survival scaled in accordance with metabolic Runar Thyrhaug passed away January 7, 2011. The authors wish to dedicate this paper to his memory. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +47 56182262; fax: +47 56182222. E-mail address: Terje.van.der.Meeren@imr.no Deceased A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT2 factors like oxygen saturation and unionized ammonia. Bacterial concentrations increased in all tanks and treatment from the beginning of the experiment to the end. The UV-treated and untreated water started at typical seawater concentrations (0.5-1 x10 6 mL -1 ) and increased five t...

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Section: Accepted M Manuscriptcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Water quality and microbial community structure in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) cultures

et al. 2011

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“…V. anguillarum serotype O2α HI610 was used in challenge trials with cod larvae. The strain was isolated from diseased cod juveniles in the closed seawater basin Lake Parisvatn by the Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Norway, and has been used in challenge trials with cod [36]–[39]. It has been selected from a group of V. anguillarum strains of different serotypes, being the strain that caused the highest mortality in challenge trials with turbot, halibut and cod larvae [40].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protocol was adapted from [39], [40]. Cod ( Gadus morhua ) embryos were obtained from the commercial hatchery Havlandet AS, in Florø, Western Norway.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phaeobacter gallaeciensis Reduces Vibrio anguillarum in Cultures of Microalgae and Rotifers, and Prevents Vibriosis in Cod Larvae

et al. 2012

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Phaeobacter gallaeciensis can antagonize fish-pathogenic bacteria in vitro, and the purpose of this study was to evaluate the organism as a probiont for marine fish larvae and their feed cultures. An in vivo mechanism of action of the antagonistic probiotic bacterium is suggested using a non-antagonistic mutant. P. gallaeciensis was readily established in axenic cultures of the two microalgae Tetraselmis suecica and Nannochloropsis oculata, and of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. P. gallaeciensis reached densities of 107 cfu/ml and did not adversely affect growth of algae or rotifers. Vibrio anguillarum was significantly reduced by wild-type P. gallaeciensis, when introduced into these cultures. A P. gallaeciensis mutant that did not produce the antibacterial compound tropodithietic acid (TDA) did not reduce V. anguillarum numbers, suggesting that production of the antibacterial compound is important for the antagonistic properties of P. gallaeciensis. The ability of P. gallaeciensis to protect fish larvae from vibriosis was determined in a bath challenge experiment using a multidish system with 1 larva per well. Unchallenged larvae reached 40% accumulated mortality which increased to 100% when infected with V. anguillarum. P. gallaeciensis reduced the mortality of challenged cod larvae (Gadus morhua) to 10%, significantly below the levels of both the challenged and the unchallenged larvae. The TDA mutant reduced mortality of the cod larvae in some of the replicates, although to a much lesser extent than the wild type. It is concluded that P. gallaeciensis is a promising probiont in marine larviculture and that TDA production likely contributes to its probiotic effect.

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“…The bacterial strains and serotypes used are shown in Table 1. Strain HI-610 has previously been used in a range of challenge experiments with cod and halibut (Samuelsen & Bergh 2004, Skjermo & Bergh 2004, Vik-Mo et al 2005, Seljestokken et al 2006, Engelsen et al 2008, Sandlund & Bergh 2008. Strain HI-618 has previously been described by Wiik et al (1989) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative susceptibility of turbot, halibut, and cod yolk-sac larvae to challenge with Vibrio spp.

Sandlund¹,

Rødseth²,

Knappskog³

et al. 2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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In intensive aquaculture systems, high mortalities are frequently observed during the early life stages of marine fish. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the susceptibility of turbot Scophthalmus maximus, halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus and cod Gadus morhua to various strains of Vibrio anguillarum (serotypes O1, O2α and O2β), V. salmonicida and V. splendidus. The bath challenge experiments were performed using a multidish system, with 1 egg well -1. Unchallenged eggs and larvae were used as controls. Larvae in challenged groups that suffered high mortality rates were examined by immunohistochemistry. The overall results with respect to mortality showed that the O2α serotype was pathogenic to all 3 species, while the O1 serotype was pathogenic to halibut and cod. The immunohistochemical examinations revealed differences in histopathology. The O1 serotype produced more severe and highly developed infections than the O2α serotype. In larvae exposed to the O1 serotype, necrosis and bacterial cells were seen in the dermis, gastrointestinal tract, brain and eye area, while in larvae exposed to the O2α serotype, bacteria were usually limited to the gastrointestinal tract. These results suggest either that there are undetermined species differences in host immunity or that these pathogens are host-specific even in the early life stages of fish. The O2β strain did not cause an increased mortality to halibut and turbot.

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Screening and characterisation of potentially pathogenic bacteria associated with Atlantic codGadus morhualarvae: bath challenge trials using a multidish system

Cited by 20 publications

References 56 publications

Water quality and microbial community structure in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) cultures

Water quality and microbial community structure in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) cultures

Phaeobacter gallaeciensis Reduces Vibrio anguillarum in Cultures of Microalgae and Rotifers, and Prevents Vibriosis in Cod Larvae

Comparative susceptibility of turbot, halibut, and cod yolk-sac larvae to challenge with Vibrio spp.

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