<scp>M</scp>arie <scp>M</scp>énard apples with high polyphenol content and a low‐fat diet reduce 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine‐induced colon carcinogenesis in rats: Effects on inflammation and apoptosis

Femia, Angelo Pietro; Luceri, Cristina; Bianchini, Francesca; Salvadori, M.; Salvianti, Francesca; Pinzani, Pamela; Dolara, Piero; Calorini, Lido; Caderni, Giovanna

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201200122

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…The prebiotic effects of apples have been of particular interest in the research community due to their frequent consumption in society. The modification of microbiota composition through apple components along with the direct effect of polyphenols may have cardioprotective effects, such as reducing inflammation [ 76 ] and total cholesterol levels [ 74 , 77 ].…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the Gap between Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2017

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The human gut is heavily colonized by a community of microbiota, primarily bacteria, that exists in a symbiotic relationship with the host and plays a critical role in maintaining host homeostasis. The consumption of a high-fat (HF) diet has been shown to induce gut dysbiosis and reduce intestinal integrity. Recent studies have revealed that dysbiosis contributes to the progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) by promoting two major CVD risk factors—atherosclerosis and hypertension. Imbalances in host–microbial interaction impair homeostatic mechanisms that regulate health and can activate multiple pathways leading to CVD risk factor progression. Dysbiosis has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis through metabolism-independent and metabolite-dependent pathways. This review will illustrate how these pathways contribute to the various stages of atherosclerotic plaque progression. In addition, dysbiosis can promote hypertension through vascular fibrosis and an alteration of vascular tone. As CVD is the number one cause of death globally, investigating the gut microbiota as a locus of intervention presents a novel and clinically relevant avenue for future research, with vast therapeutic potential.

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Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the Gap between Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2017

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“…Inhibition of the NF-kB transcription factor, suggested as a potential mechanism [ 19 ] [ 207 ] has also been reported in other human cell studies with apple extracts [ 209 , 210 ]. The beneficial effect of Marie Menard apples was further confirmed in rats showing decreased colonic and systemic inflammation [ 22 ]. Furthermore apple pectin has been associated with anti-inflammatory effects in animal studies by down regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and immunoglobulin production in the colon [ 211 ] and systematically by reducing plasma TNF-α [ 21 ].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Disease Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epidemiological studies support the view that frequent apple consumption is associated with a reduced risk of chronic pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, specific cancers, and diabetes [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Data from intervention studies in humans and animals suggest that apple intake may positively affect lipid metabolism [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], weight management [ 16 ], vascular function [ 17 , 18 ] and inflammation [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Apples are a rich source of polyphenols and fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apples and Cardiovascular Health—Is the Gut Microbiota a Core Consideration?

2015

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There is now considerable scientific evidence that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables can improve human health and protect against chronic diseases. However, it is not clear whether different fruits and vegetables have distinct beneficial effects. Apples are among the most frequently consumed fruits and a rich source of polyphenols and fiber. A major proportion of the bioactive components in apples, including the high molecular weight polyphenols, escape absorption in the upper gastrointestinal tract and reach the large intestine relatively intact. There, they can be converted by the colonic microbiota to bioavailable and biologically active compounds with systemic effects, in addition to modulating microbial composition. Epidemiological studies have identified associations between frequent apple consumption and reduced risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Human and animal intervention studies demonstrate beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, vascular function and inflammation but only a few studies have attempted to link these mechanistically with the gut microbiota. This review will focus on the reciprocal interaction between apple components and the gut microbiota, the potential link to cardiovascular health and the possible mechanisms of action.

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“…Indeed, TFAs are known for their ability to increase expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-6 and TNF-α [4, 52] and there is evidence that exposure to a high-fat diet increases inflammation in the colon [14, 15, 53] while high-polyphenol diet reduces this process [54]. Previous studies have shown that in adult offspring of mothers fed TFAs during pregnancy and lactation, high levels of LPS activate TLR-4 and mediate low-grade inflammation [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jussara (Euterpe edulisMart.) Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation Modulates the Gene and Protein Expression of Inflammation Biomarkers Induced bytrans-Fatty Acids in the Colon of Offspring

Morais

Oyama

Oliveira

et al. 2014

Mediators of Inflammation

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Maternal intake of trans-fatty acids (TFAs) in the perinatal period triggers a proinflammatory state in offspring. Anthocyanins contained in fruit are promising modulators of inflammation. This study investigated the effect of Jussara supplementation in the maternal diet on the proinflammatory state of the colon in offspring exposed to perinatal TFAs. On the first day of pregnancy rats were divided into four groups: control diet (C), control diet with 0.5% Jussara supplementation (CJ), diet enriched with hydrogenated vegetable fat, rich in TFAs (T), or T diet supplemented with 0.5% Jussara (TJ) during pregnancy and lactation. We showed that Jussara supplementation in maternal diet (CJ and TJ groups) reduced carcass lipid/protein ratios, serum lipids, glucose, IL-6, TNF-α, gene expression of IL-6R, TNF-αR (P < 0.05), TLR-4 (P < 0.01), and increase Lactobacillus spp. (P < 0.05) in the colon of offspring compared to the T group. The IL-10 (P = 0.035) and IL-10/TNF-α ratio (P < 0.01) was higher in the CJ group than in the T group. The 0.5% Jussara supplementation reverses the adverse effects of perinatal TFAs, improving lipid profiles, glucose levels, body composition, and gut microbiota and reducing low-grade inflammation in the colon of 21-day-old offspring, and could contribute to reducing chronic disease development.

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Marie Ménard apples with high polyphenol content and a low‐fat diet reduce 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine‐induced colon carcinogenesis in rats: Effects on inflammation and apoptosis

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Bridging the Gap between Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Cardiovascular Diseases

Bridging the Gap between Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Cardiovascular Diseases

Apples and Cardiovascular Health—Is the Gut Microbiota a Core Consideration?

Jussara (Euterpe edulisMart.) Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation Modulates the Gene and Protein Expression of Inflammation Biomarkers Induced bytrans-Fatty Acids in the Colon of Offspring

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