Sagittaria trifolia tuber: bioconstituents, processing, products, and health benefits

Abstract

Sagittaria trifolia is an aquatic plant that is distributed worldwide. The edible tuber part of S. trifolia is a very common and popular vegetable in China. The aim of the present review is to discuss the discovery of nutraceuticals from S. trifolia tuber by reviewing its major constituents, food processing, food products, and health-promoting benefits. Sagittaria trifolia tuber comprises a series of nutritional and bioactive constituents, including dietary fibers, amino acids, minerals, starches, non-starch polysaccharides, diterpenoids, colchicine, phenols, and organic acids. Food processing affects its flavor, biocomponents, and bioactivity. Numerous S. trifolia tuber-based food products and nutraceuticals have been developed, but new categories of products and the anticipated functions still need to be explored. The non-starch polysaccharides could be the central ingredients that contribute to the plant's antioxidant, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, lipid-regulating, and immunostimulatory properties. Of these, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects have been thoroughly investigated. Procedures for the extraction and purification of polysaccharides influence their health-promoting actions. Overall, S. trifolia tuber is an underutilized aquatic vegetable species that is an emerging subject for nutraceutical research.

Microwave‐Assisted Enzymatic Extraction, Partial Characterization, and Antioxidant Potential of Polysaccharides from Sagittaria trifolia Tuber

“…[8,9] These differences could be attributed to different extraction and purification methods. [2] Meanwhile, for same species, different varieties and producing areas can also influence the innate features of polysaccharides. [32] The ultraviolet (UV) and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectra of STTPs were described in Figure 5.…”

“…These aquatic vegetables are extensively planted in Eastern and Southern China, including Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangxi, and Fujian provinces. Currently, the total planting area of commercial aquatic vegetables in China has reached over 733,000 hm 2 and the annual output value arrived to RMB 55 billion. [2] Sagittaria is a genus of Alismataceae family.…”

“…Currently, the total planting area of commercial aquatic vegetables in China has reached over 733,000 hm 2 and the annual output value arrived to RMB 55 billion. [2] Sagittaria is a genus of Alismataceae family. It comprises 30 species mainly distributed in China, Japan, Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam.…”

Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Polysaccharides from Waste Corn Bract: Process Optimization, Characterization, Antioxidant and Anti-Diabetic Potentials

“…Traditionally, polysaccharides are usually extracted with hot water, alkaline, and acidic extractions, but these extraction methods suffer from the disadvantages of high temperature, long time, high extraction temperature, and low yield. Currently, some emerging techniques, including enzyme-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and combined technologies have been successfully used to extract polysaccharides from natural materials efficiently (Zhang et al, 2021). The Enzyme-Assisted Extraction (EAE) is focused on accelerating the release of bio components via degrading plant materials (Chen et al, 2011), of which the cellulase is most frequently applied to targeted decompose the celluloses that are composed of the cell walls, thereby enhancing the release of ingredients from the inside of cells (Fu et al, 2008).…”

“…Oxidative stress is mainly induced by the excessive generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which can automatically oxidize proteins, lipids, and DNA to cause a series of chronic diseases (Ni et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2021). Increasing evidence has highlighted the role of oxidative stress in deteriorating diabetes.…”