Science, Politics, and Communication: The Case of Community Water Fluoridation in the US

Allukian, Myron; Carter‐Pokras, Olivia; Gooch, Barbara F.; Horowitz, Alice M.; Iida, Hiroko; Jacob, Matt; Kleinman, Dushanka V.; Kumar, Jayanth; Maas, William R.; Pollick, Howard; Rozier, R. Gary

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.05.014

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This finding supports the generalisation of the GBM to scientific domains other than climate science, in agreement with van der Linden et al [ 43 ], who found that consensus messages influenced beliefs about vaccine safety via perceptions of consensus. Future research should further examine the role of perceived scientific agreement in other science-related societal debates where public opinion diverges from scientific consensus, for example, community water fluoridation [ 67 ]. Our GM message results, to some extent, align with the only previous study examining consensus messaging in the context of GM food safety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in perceived scientific consensus shift beliefs about climate change and GM food safety

Kerr

Wilson

2018

PLoS ONE

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Despite an overwhelming scientific consensus, a sizable minority of people doubt that human activity is causing climate change. Communicating the existence of a scientific consensus has been suggested as a way to correct individuals’ misperceptions about human-caused climate change and other scientific issues, though empirical support is mixed. We report an experiment in which psychology students were presented with consensus information about two issues, and subsequently reported their perception of the level of consensus and extent of their endorsement of those issues. We find that messages about scientific consensus on the reality of anthropogenic climate change and the safety of genetically modified food shift perceptions of scientific consensus. Using mediation models we also show that, for both these issues, high consensus messages also increase reported personal agreement with the scientific consensus, mediated by changes in perceptions of a scientific consensus. This confirms the role of perceived consensus in informing personal beliefs about climate change, though results indicate the impact of single, one-off messages may be limited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in perceived scientific consensus shift beliefs about climate change and GM food safety

Kerr

Wilson

2018

PLoS ONE

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“…Legislation prescribes that Local Authorities must undertake a 3-month public consultation as part of the water fluoridation decision-making process. Whilst the local authority holds the final decision on the implementation or withdrawal of water fluoridation, local Councilors, MPs, and Health and Wellbeing Board members will be influenced by the views of their constituents and respected local clinicians (45,46). We will ensure that the results of our study are understandable and have impact with the public through their trusted sources of health information, counteracting any sensationalist or political spin from the media.…”

Section: Dissemination and Knowledge Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

How effective and cost-effective is water fluoridation for adults?

Moore¹

2020

http://isrctn.com/

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Minor changes  Normally can be made by an authorised member of staff and do not need formal approval.  Information relating to minor changes can be summarised when a new version is issued.  Indicated by points, for example, V1.1 contains a minor change to V1.0. Major revisions  An appropriate authority (Study Steering Committee and NIHR) should usually approve major revisions.  Each major revision should contain a summary of all the minor changes that it incorporates, in the version control table  Whole numbers are used to indicate a revised version, for example, V2.0 is a revision of V1.0.

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“…Generally, there is much opposition to public health interventions such as tobacco regulations [37], vaccination programs [38], and the use of fluoride for public health [39]. Gray [40] pointed out that if the magnitude of a health problem is large (many are affected), the strength of opposition to public health intervention is larger.…”

Section: Overcoming Opposition and Building A Healthy Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome opposition, it is the responsibility of scientists not only to provide empirical evidence, but also to communicate with society [39,41]. In the Ottawa Charter on health promotion, "Enable," "Mediate," and "Advocate" were described as the core activities [42][43][44].…”

Section: Overcoming Opposition and Building A Healthy Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Health

Aida

Kondo

2020

Social Determinants of Health in Non-Communicable Diseases

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Dental diseases, particularly dental caries (cavities) and periodontal disease, are a significant burden to society, even though they are not fatal, and represent some of the most prevalent diseases in the world [1, 2]. In Japan, the national medical cost of dental diseases in 2015 amounted to 2,829,400 million yen, which was third behind the cost of cardiovascular diseases including hypertension (5,981,800 million yen) and neoplasms such as cancer (4,125,700 million yen). In particular, the cost of dental diseases for individuals younger than 65 years of age is highest compared with other diseases. In addition, recent studies have shown that oral health may affect general health. Accordingly, public health policies, such as the Health Promotion Campaign for the Twenty-First Century (Health Japan 21) and the "8020 Campaign" to retain 20 natural teeth by 80 years of age, have been promoted in Japan. A difference in health status, such as variation of height among the population, maybe natural. However, it becomes a problem when such differences are considered Jun Aida is also the English translator for this chapter.

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Science, Politics, and Communication: The Case of Community Water Fluoridation in the US

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Changes in perceived scientific consensus shift beliefs about climate change and GM food safety

Changes in perceived scientific consensus shift beliefs about climate change and GM food safety

How effective and cost-effective is water fluoridation for adults?

Oral Health

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