Science and technology parks: measuring their contribution to society through social accounting

Abstract

Science and Technology Parks (STPs) have made a positive contribution to regional development in the last decades. In general, the assessment of their level of performance has been based on two major variables: number of new companies and number of new jobs created. In this paper we propose the use of social accounting to measure the social value (SV) generated by STPs as an additional tool to assess the level of contribution of STPs to social development. Social accounting could be of interest for policy makers and regional governments in order to evaluate regional STPs and their social performance. In addition, in this paper we present an innovative methodology for calculating SV. Instead of using primary data to calculate SV (through interviews or consultations with individual stakeholders), we propose the use of secondary data available in open databases to measure SV. In this way, the measurement of SV for a large number of individual organizations can be achieved using a limited amount of resources. In this line, and as a seminal implementation of this methodology, we calculate the SV generated by four STPs in two different regions and countries belonging to the European Union using secondary data. Thus, the main contribution of the paper is twofold: on one hand it proposes social accounting to assess the performance of STPs through the calculation of SV, and on the other hand it implements a new methodology to calculate SV which requires the use of a lesser number of resources.

Is It Possible to Monetarily Quantify the Emotional Value Transferred by Companies and Organizations? An Emotional Accounting Proposal

“…Although the work is theoretical, it is underpinned by a large number of cases analyzed in recent years by the social accounting for sustainability (SAS) research group, recognized by International Centre of Research and Information on the Public, Social and Cooperative Economy (CIRIEC), some of which are published in leading journals, general papers (Retolaza et al, 2016 ; Retolaza and San-Jose, 2021 ), on its application in the social economy in general (Lazcano et al, 2019 ; Lazkano and Beraza, 2019 ; Etxanobe, 2020 ; Lazkano et al, 2020 ), on its usefulness to measure hospital efficiency (San-Jose et al, 2019 ), about sport clubs (Mendizabal et al, 2020 ; Mendizabal and Garcia-Merino, 2021 ), applied to ecclesiastical organizations (Retolaza et al, 2020 ), to universities and education (Ayuso et al, 2020 ; Arimany-Serrat and Tarrats-Pons, 2021 ; Barba-Sánchez et al, 2021a ), its benefit for technology parks (Blázquez et al, 2020 ; Torres-Pruñonosa et al, 2020 ), associations of fishers (Guzmán-Pérez et al, 2018 ), tourism (Guzmán-Pérez et al, 2021 ), public tenders (Bernal et al, 2019 ), and agri-food companies (Barba-Sánchez et al, 2021b ). These studies identify the importance of emotional value and propose its inclusion in social accounting, which has so far been partially addressed by few studies (Ruiz-Roqueñi, 2020 ; Tirado-Valencia et al, 2021 ).…”