Science and industry: Sharing knowledge for innovation

Abstract

This paper contributes to a better understanding of the absorption of scientific knowledge in tourism innovation processes. Based on a synthesis of the literature and empirical study we present the model of Innovation through Co-creation. The cases of researchers working together with three whale-watching firms have allowed us to illustrate examples of co-creation, knowledge sharing and reflexivity during tourism firms' innovation processes. Intensive interaction of the tourism industry with researchers pays off in terms of innovation because flows of knowledge are intimately linked to social capital developed through intensive and frequent shared practice. Besides the theoretical implications of our model, we contribute to the field by providing practical implications for how tourism firms can organize their learning and innovation processes. a b s t r a c t This paper contributes to a better understanding of the absorption of scientific knowledge in tourism innovation processes. Based on a synthesis of the literature and empirical study we present the model of Innovation through Co-creation. The cases of researchers working together with three whale-watching firms have allowed us to illustrate examples of co-creation, knowledge sharing and reflexivity during tourism firms' innovation processes. Intensive interaction of the tourism industry with researchers pays off in terms of innovation because flows of knowledge are intimately linked to social capital developed through intensive and frequent shared practice. Besides the theoretical implications of our model, we contribute to the field by providing practical implications for how tourism firms can organize their learning and innovation processes.

The determinants of knowledge transfer from universities to tourism companies – a conceptual model and research propositions

“…The main finding of Hoarau and Kline (2014) is that intensive interaction with researchers pays off in terms of organisational learning and development. As a result of this knowledge transfer process, knowledge can be re-combined and innovation can develop (Sparrow et al, 2009).…”

“…On the other hand, there is growing importance of direct cooperation in common ventures undertaken by both researchers and practitioners. Co-created practices like tours, meetings, discussions and social events brings the world of science and industry closer together (Hoarau, Kline, 2014). With this process, tourism companies are able to see business opportunities and develop new ideas based on knowledge that would not be accessible without these shared practices.…”

Revisión sistémica de artículos de capital intelectual como generador de innovación en turismo de salud

“…La innovación no es el acto conductor, sino el resultado de aplicar un proceso (Hoarau y Kline, 2014), en este caso de gestión del capital intelectual. Como señala Nagles (2007), desarrollar la innovación es un proceso enfocado a la creación de valor.…”

“…Desde este punto de vista, la innovación comprende cuatro elementos: producción de un nuevo conocimiento, organización del mismo, su adaptación y, finalmente, la innovación. Asimismo, la innovación es gradual, por lo que las mejoras continuas a menudo se definen como innovaciones incrementales y las revoluciones tecnológicas como innovaciones radicales (Hoarau y Kline, 2014;Schumpeter, 1939, citado en Carlisle et al, 2013.…”

“…Por otro lado, la mayoría de las investigaciones sobre innovación, específica-mente en turismo, son de tipo cualitativo (Hoarau y Kline, 2014;Carlisle et al, 2013;Yeoh, Othman y Ahmad, 2013;Thomas y Wood, 2014, Huang et al, 2008. Las técnicas utilizadas por Hoarau y Kline (2014) pueden definirse como una matriz de interpretación de enfoques que intentan describir, decodificar, traducir y llegar a un acuerdo a través del análisis, es decir, con la frecuencia de los fenómenos que ocurren.…”