Sciatic Cryoneurolysis in Rats

Willenbring, Stan; Beauprie, Ian; DeLeo, Joyce A.

doi:10.1213/00000539-199509000-00021

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the CCI, PSL, and SNL models, abnormal pain sensations are at least partly dependent on the sympathetic nervous system [6,13,14] and are thus known to represent SMP. But the cryoneurolysis or adjacent neuropathic hyperalgesia model has not been sensitive to sympathetic manipulation and is thus known to represent SIP [11,15]. Therefore, the characteristics of the present animal model are similar to those of cryoneurolysis or adjacent neuropathic model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…For example, it has been shown that chemical or surgical sympathectomy inhibits neuropathic signs such as mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in either CCI, PSI, or SNL model [12±14]. However, chemical or surgical sympathectomy has been shown to be ineffective to reduce neuropathic pain in either cryoneurolysis or adjacent neuropathic hyperalgesia model [11,15]. Thus, these two animal models have been regarded to represent SIP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An animal model of neuropathic pain employing injury to the sciatic nerve branches

et al. 2000

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The present study was conducted to develop a new animal model of neuropathic pain employing injury to the distal sciatic nerve branches. Under halothane anesthesia, the tibial, sural, and/or common peroneal nerves were injured and neuropathic pain behaviors were compared among different groups of rats. Different types of injury produced different levels of neuropathic pain. Rats with injury to the tibial and sural nerves showed the most vigorous mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia, and spontaneous pain. These neuropathic pain behaviors were not relieved by functional sympathectomy using guanethidine.The results suggested that injury to the tibial and sural nerves, while leaving the common peroneal nerve intact, can be used as a new animal model of neuropathic pain and that this model represents sympathetically independent pain (SIP). The present animal model is very simple to produce injury and can produce profound and reliable pain behaviors. These features enable the new animal model to be a useful tool in elucidating the mechanisms of neuropathic pain, especially SIP. NeuroReport

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An animal model of neuropathic pain employing injury to the sciatic nerve branches

et al. 2000

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Sympathetic Vasoconstrictor Antagonism and Vasodilatation Relieve Mechanical Allodynia in Rats With Chronic Postischemia Pain

Xanthos

Coderre

2008

The Journal of Pain

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Chronic pain that responds to antisympathetic treatments and α-adrenergic antagonists is clinically referred to as sympathetically maintained pain. Animal models of neuropathic pain have shown mixed results in terms of antinociceptive effectiveness of antisympathetic agents. The effectiveness of these agents have not been yet investigated in animal models of complex regional pain syndrome-type 1 (CRPS-I). In this study, we examined the effectiveness of antisympathetic agents and sympathetic vasoconstrictor antagonists, as well as agents that are vasodilators, in relieving mechanical allodynia in a recently developed animal model of CRPS-I (chronic postischemia pain or CPIP) produced by three hours of hind paw ischemia-reperfusion injury. Systemic guanethidine, phentolamine, clonidine, and prazosin are effective in reducing mechanical allodynia particularly at 2 days after reperfusion, and less so at 7 days after reperfusion. A nitric oxide donor vasodilator, SIN-1, also reduces mechanical allodynia more effectively at 2 days after reperfusion, but not at 7 days after reperfusion. These results suggest that the pain of CPIP, and possibly also CRPS-I, is relieved by reducing sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction, or enhancing vasodilatation. KeywordsComplex regional pain syndrome; ischemia-reperfusion injury; neuropathic pain; allodynia; sympathetic block; adrenergic receptors Complex regional pain syndrome-type I (CRPS-I) is a disorder that occurs after fracture, soft tissue or crush injury. 16 Symptoms of CRPS-I include spontaneous burning (cutaneous) and aching (deep) pain, hyperalgesia, allodynia, and disorders of vasomotor and sudomotor regulation. 27,57 CRPS-II is similar but also exhibits a clinically verified nerve injury. CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author ManuscriptAlthough controversial, sympathetic blocks are often reported to relieve CRPS pain. 10,29,68 CRPS pain is also relieved with α-adrenergic antagonists such as phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine, 48,52 agents that have been used as diagnostic tools for identifying socalled sympathetically maintained pain (SMP We recently introduced chronic postischemia pain (CPIP) as an animal model of CRPS-I produced after hind paw ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury.14 This animal model shows signs of I-R injury such as no-reflow and vascular abnormalities, as well as nociceptive and vascular hypersensitivity to norepinephrine. 38,78 The pain-relieving effects of antisympathetic agents have not previously been tested in animal models of CRPS-I. 21,22,71 In this report, we examine whether antisympathetic drugs, and agents that are vasodilators, are effective in reducing painful symptoms in this model. Thus, we test the effectiveness of sympathetic block with guanethidine, or systemic treatments with the α1-and α2-adrenergic antagonists prazosin and yohimbine, the α2-adrenergic agonist clonidine, and a nitric oxide donor, in relieving mechanical allodynia in CPIP rats at 2 and 7 days after reperfusion. Materials and Methods Animal...

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Antidepressant drug administration modifies the interactive relationship between α2-adrenergic sensitivity and levels of TNF in the rat brain

Nickola¹,

Ignatowski

Spengler

2000

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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Sciatic Cryoneurolysis in Rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

An animal model of neuropathic pain employing injury to the sciatic nerve branches

An animal model of neuropathic pain employing injury to the sciatic nerve branches

Sympathetic Vasoconstrictor Antagonism and Vasodilatation Relieve Mechanical Allodynia in Rats With Chronic Postischemia Pain

Antidepressant drug administration modifies the interactive relationship between α2-adrenergic sensitivity and levels of TNF in the rat brain

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