Schäden am patellofemoralen Gelenk durch Krafttraining

Abstract

The patellofemoral joint is stressed strongly during weight training. There are different individual preconditions that influence the stress distribution. Forces on tendons and cartilage are a function of angle and exercise. The most common disorders are tendinopathies and cartilage damage. Patellofemoral malalignment, high loads and overuse, uncontrolled exercises and steroids represent risk factors for injuries. Individual training concepts with controlled exercises that reduce peak loads are desirable. There is a wide scope of therapeutic options ranging from antiphlogistic therapy to the reconstruction of tendons and cartilage.

Exercise Selection and Common Injuries in Fitness Centers: A Systematic Integrative Review and Practical Recommendations

“…For example, a relative energy deficiency in sports and suboptimal sleep may place athletes or exercisers at greater risk of musculoskeletal injury and bone stress fractures [80,81]. In agreement with Jagodzinski et al [30], a similar discussion on this allostatic basis highlights a plethora of injury causes ranging from genetics to the individual's medical history, training load, psychological factors (e.g., fear), and adaptive response.…”

“…At the knee level, the analyzed articles indicated a moderate prevalence of injuries in this area caused by multiple factors [43,44]. For instance, patellofemoral pain is attributed to overuse, a lack of sufficient recovery periods, high loads without adequate prior conditioning, and an absence of technique supervision [30]. Although the prevalence of ACL rupture in PFC is low [57,62], the RT-related injuries can occur with movements of extreme internal rotation of the femur, with external rotation of the tibia, or when there is a large anterior displacement of the tibia [69].…”

“…These are considered doping substances and include synthetic derivatives of testosterone known as anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), which have anabolic (related to the growth and increase in muscle mass) and androgenic (related to male sexual characteristics) effects [72]. The use of AAS is frequent in amateur and competitive bodybuilders [73], and importantly has been associated with an increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries [30,46,48,74], besides pathological issues derived from its injection, such as avascular lesions (necrosis) in the muscle and proteinaceous or hemorrhagic lesions in the intramuscular self-administration areas [75,76].…”