Scenarios for BRICS Evolution in Light of the India–China Conflict

Papa, Mihaela; Verma, Raj

doi:10.1111/1758-5899.13010

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The BRICS, on the other hand, may work hard to present themselves as a cohesive, likeminded group, but there are fundamental sources of tension and competition between the members. In 2017, in a dramatic illustration, the BRICS summit was caught up in an intensifying geo-political contest between India and China punctuated by the Doklam standoff, with armed forces of the two countries facing off in the Sikkim sector of the China–India boundary (Papa and Verma 2021 ).…”

Section: Moving Beyond a Single Source Of Informal Institutionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cascading dynamics of informal institutions: organizational processes and governance implications

2022

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Section: Moving Beyond a Single Source Of Informal Institutionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cascading dynamics of informal institutions: organizational processes and governance implications

2022

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“…Still, amid the amplification of these stakes, hanging together is a more likely scenario than breaking apart for BRICS [Papa, Verma, 2021]. For one thing, the successful expansion of the membership of the NDB takes the focus away from the China-India bilateral relationship.…”

Section: Tests Into the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Reframing the Debate over BRICS Beyond its Conceptual Origins

Cooper¹

2022

IORJ

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BRICS has commonly been framed through a strictly economic perspective, with a focus on the growth patterns of the individual members: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. Viewed in this fashion, the grouping is judged in a negative manner, with a sense of disappointment and frustration. Yet, framed in a wider diplomatic context, the image of BRICS is quite different, with an accent on several features that cast a more positive interpretation. BRICS: A Very Short Introduction highlighted these features in 2016. And, notwithstanding some unanticipated developments that exaggerated the differences—and tensions— between the members of BRICS, it is the staying power and pattern of evolution in a creative fashion of the BRICS club that stands out. Although overshadowed by other multilateral institutions, the achievements of the New Development Bank (NDB) should not be downplayed. Moreover, BRICS has developed problem (or even crisis) management techniques. As with other informal institutions with club-like attributes, some of these tensions were dealt with by avoiding issues that divided the members. Over time, though, this template has been complemented by more active forms of problem-solving relating to internal differences.

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“…From an economic perspective, their economic growth rate has gradually slowed compared to the golden decade from 2006 to 2016, which has harmed some of their health expenditures and the pharmaceutical market [ 15 ]. From a political point of view, some friction and confrontation within BRICS still exist [ 16 ]. The health cooperation among BRICS has mainly stagnated in commitment with limited clear policies or actions [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The priority areas and possible pathways for health cooperation in BRICS countries

Liu,

Wang,

et al. 2023

glob health res policy

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As one of the largest alliances of middle-income countries, the BRICS, known as an acronym for five countries including “Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa”, represents half of the global population. The health cooperation among BRICS countries will benefit their populations and other middle- and low-income countries. This study aims to summarize the current status of health cooperation in BRICS countries and identify opportunities to strengthen BRICS participation in global health governance. A literature review was conducted to analyze the status, progress, and challenges of BRICS' health cooperation. Content analysis was used to review the 2011–2021 annual joint declarations of the BRICS Health Ministers Meetings. The priority health areas were identified through segmental frequency analysis. Our research suggested that communicable diseases, access to medicine, and universal health coverage appeared most frequently in the content of declarations, indicating the possible top health priorities among BRICS' health collaboration. These priority areas align with the primary health challenges of each country, including the threats of double burden of diseases, as well as the need for improving health systems and access to medicines. Respective external cooperation, inter-BRICS health cooperation, and unified external cooperation are the main forms of health cooperation among BRICS countries. However, challenges such as the lack of a unified image and precise position, lack of practical impact, and weak discourse power have impeded the impact of BRICS on health governance. This study suggests that the BRICS countries should recognize their positioning, improve their unified image, and establish cooperative entities; at the same time, they should increase their practical strength, promote non-governmental cooperation, and expand the cooperation space through the “BRICS Plus” mechanism with countries with similar interests to join.

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Scenarios for BRICS Evolution in Light of the India–China Conflict

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

The cascading dynamics of informal institutions: organizational processes and governance implications

The cascading dynamics of informal institutions: organizational processes and governance implications

Reframing the Debate over BRICS Beyond its Conceptual Origins

The priority areas and possible pathways for health cooperation in BRICS countries

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