Scedosporium apiospermum and Lichtheimia corymbifera Co-Infection Due to Inhalation of Biogas in Immunocompetent Patients: A Case Series

Yu, Shuang; Zhou, Minjie; Gong, Qingmei; Guo, Jinlin

doi:10.2147/idr.s388166

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Importantly, the mAb does not crossreact with unrelated yeasts and moulds of clinical importance including Aspergillus spp., Candida and Cryptococcus spp., Mucorales spp., and species of Fusarium. This high degree of specificity is of critical importance given the occurrence of mixed fungal co-infections in humans [1,19,40,[71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lateral-Flow Device for the Rapid Detection of Scedosporium Species

Davies,

Thornton

2024

Preprint

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Scedosporium species are human pathogenic fungi, responsible for chronic, localised, and life-threatening disseminated infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Diagnosis of Scedosporium infections currently relies on non-specific CT, lengthy and insensitive culture from invasive biopsy, and time-consuming histopathology of tissue samples. At present, there are no rapid antigen tests that detect Scedosporium-specific biomarkers. Here we report the development of a rapid (30 min) and sensitive (pmol/L sensitivity) lateral-flow device (LFD) test, incorporating a Scedosporium-specific IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), HG12, which binds to extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) antigens of between ~15 kDa and 250 kDa secreted during hyphal growth of the pathogens. The test is compatible with human serum, and allows the detection of the Scedosporium species most-frequently reported as agents of human disease (Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium aurantiacum, and Scedosporium boydii), with limits of detection (LOD) of the EPS biomarkers in human serum of ~0.81 ng/mL (S. apiospermum), ~0.94 ng/mL (S. aurantiacum), and ~1.95 ng/mL (S. boydii). The Scedosporium-specific LFD (ScedLFD) test therefore provides a potential novel opportunity for the detection of infections caused by different Scedosporium species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lateral-Flow Device for the Rapid Detection of Scedosporium Species

Davies,

Thornton

2024

Preprint

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“…The dose of NAB for the treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis remains unclear 14 . Most data are from case reports where both lipid and non‐lipid formulations of amphotericin B have been used in varying doses 11,12,26 . In studies evaluating NAB for prophylaxis against IPA, LAMB has been shown to have a longer lung retention time than ABDC 8,9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lipid and non-lipid formulations of amphotericin B have been used in varying doses. 11,12,26 In studies evaluating NAB for prophylaxis against IPA, LAMB has been shown to have a longer lung retention time than ABDC. 8,9 The drug deposition in the lungs was similar with both formulations, but the clearing of Aspergillus fumigatus was better with LAMB.…”

Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Nebulized amphotericin B (NAB) is an attractive option to treat or prevent IMI. [8][9][10][11][12] Importantly, all the available amphotericin B formulations achieve therapeutic concentrations in the alveolar lining fluid but negligible systemic levels, thereby avoiding serious systemic adverse events. 10,13 Data from murine models and a few case reports suggest a possible role of NAB in managing PM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis with adjunctive nebulized amphotericin B (MUCONAB trial): Results of an open‐label randomized controlled trial

Muthu

Gogineni

Agarwal

et al. 2023

Mycoses

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Background:The role of nebulized amphotericin B (NAB) in managing pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is unknown. Methods:In this open-label trial, we randomized PM subjects to receive either intravenous liposomal amphotericin B (control arm, 3-5 mg/kg/day) alone or along with nebulized amphotericin B deoxycholate (NAB, 10 mg twice a day, every alternate day).The primary outcomes were: (1) overall response ('success' [complete or partial response] or 'failure' [stable disease, progressive disease, or death]) at 6 weeks; and (2) the proportion of subjects with adverse events (AE). The key secondary outcome was 90-day mortality. We performed a modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis where we included only subjects receiving at least a single dose of NAB.Results: Fifteen and 17 subjects were randomized to the control and NAB arms; two died before the first dose of NAB. Finally, we included 30 subjects (15 in each arm; mean age 49.8 years; 80% men) for the mITT analysis. Diabetes mellitus (n = 27; 16/27 were COVID-19-associated PM) was the most common predisposing factor. The overall treatment success was not significantly different between the control and the NAB arms (71.4% vs. 53.3%; p = .45). Twenty-nine subjects experienced any AE, but none discontinued treatment. The 90-day mortality was not significantly different between the control (28.6%) and NAB arm (53.3%; p = .26). Conclusion:Adjunctive NAB was safe but did not improve overall response at 6 weeks.A different dosing schedule or nebulized liposomal amphotericin B may still need evaluation. More research is needed to explore other treatment options for PM.

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“…(Arndt et al, 2009;Bergantim et al, 2013;Henn et al, 2014;Obradovic-Tomasev et al, 2014;Pandey et al, 2019;Anita et al, 2021; Bellanger Benhadid-Brahmi et al, 2022;Johnson et al, 2021;Moorthy et al, 2021;Paul et al (2022); Ramıŕez-Hinojosa et al, 2021;Singh et al, 2021;Zayet et al, 2021;Rahna et al, 2022;Suresh et al, 2022;Tabarsi et al, 2022;Teng et al, 2022;Zhan et al, 2022;Murray et al, 2023;Sardeshmukh et al, 2023), Fusarium spp. (De Almeida Junior et al, 2015;Marino et al, 2023), Candida albicans (Obradovic-Tomasev et al, 2014;Pandey et al, 2019;Jawanda et al, 2022), Cryptococcus neoformans (Henn et al, 2014;Gupta et al, 2023), Lomentospora prolificans (Erami et al, 2023), and Scedosporium apiospermum (Shand et al, 2004;Marques et al, 2011;Song et al, 2022;Kanaujia et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Development of a monoclonal antibody and a lateral-flow device for the rapid detection of a Mucorales-specific biomarker

Thornton,

Davies,

Dougherty

2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Mucoromycosis is a highly aggressive angio-invasive disease of humans caused by fungi in the zygomycete order, Mucorales. While Rhizopus arrhizus is the principal agent of mucoromycosis, other Mucorales fungi including Apophysomyces, Cunninghamella, Lichtheimia, Mucor, Rhizomucor and Syncephalastrum are able to cause life-threatening rhino-orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, gastro-intestinal and necrotising cutaneous infections in humans. Diagnosis of the disease currently relies on non-specific CT, lengthy and insensitive culture from invasive biopsy, and time-consuming histopathology of tissue samples. At present, there are no rapid antigen tests that detect Mucorales-specific biomarkers of infection, and which allow point-of-care diagnosis of mucoromycosis. Here, we report the development of an IgG2b monoclonal antibody (mAb), TG11, which binds to extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) antigens of between 20 kDa and 250 kDa secreted during hyphal growth of Mucorales fungi. The mAb is Mucorales-specific and does not cross-react with other yeasts and molds of clinical importance including Aspergillus, Candida, Cryptococcus, Fusarium, Lomentospora and Scedosporium species. Using the mAb, we have developed a Competitive lateral-flow device that allows rapid (30 min) detection of the EPS biomarker in human serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), with a limit of detection (LOD) in human serum of ~100 ng/mL serum (~224.7 pmol/L serum). The LFD therefore provides a potential novel opportunity for detection of mucoromycosis caused by different Mucorales species.

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Scedosporium apiospermum and Lichtheimia corymbifera Co-Infection Due to Inhalation of Biogas in Immunocompetent Patients: A Case Series

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

A Lateral-Flow Device for the Rapid Detection of Scedosporium Species

A Lateral-Flow Device for the Rapid Detection of Scedosporium Species

Treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis with adjunctive nebulized amphotericin B (MUCONAB trial): Results of an open‐label randomized controlled trial

Development of a monoclonal antibody and a lateral-flow device for the rapid detection of a Mucorales-specific biomarker

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