Scattering simulation for inhomogeneous layered canopy and random targets beneath canopies by using the Mueller matrix solution of the pulse radiative transfer

Abstract

The Mueller matrix solution of vector radiative transfer for inhomogeneous random media of nonspherical scatterers under a pulse incidence is presented. Copolarized and cross‐polarized bistatic scattering echoes can be numerically simulated. Temporally varying echoes well demonstrate volumetric and surface scattering mechanism and depict the inhomogeneous fraction profile of random scatterers. The effective height of inhomogeneous canopy inverted from the pulse echoes is discussed. Pulse echo patterns are also numerically simulated for polarimetric scattering from the model of random metal targets beneath the layered vegetation canopies.

Multiparameter inversion of a layer of vegetation canopy over rough surface from the system response function based on the mueller matrix solution of pulse echoes

“…It can be seen that (11) presents coupling of different polarizations and is not exactly equivalent to (6a). However, under the condition that the horizontal orientation of random particles are uniform, four polarizations can be treated as thoroughly independent, and the upper-left four elements of or are then written as (this conclusion is demonstrated in Section V) (12) Apparently, (12) agrees with (6), which well proves the consistency between the model of system response function and the Mueller matrix solution.…”

“…From (7) and (8), the response waves evaluated by the Mueller matrix agree with the form that the input excitation convolutes with the system response function. Furthermore, the special functions, i.e., the rectangular function in (7) and the delta function in (8), also agree with those in the system response function (6). Comparing (6) with (7) and (8), the convoluted functions and denote, correspondingly, the responses of the particle layer and the underlying surface in the whole system response function.…”

“…As pulse echo profile provides rich temporal information showing the process of wave propagation and scattering through complex media, and might identify contributions from different scatter layers or different volumetric and surface scattering, the wideband pulse propagation problems become important in remote sensing and wireless communication. The temporal Mueller matrix solution for pulse incidence has been derived [4], [5], and applied to the detection of underlying objects [6] and retrievals of roughness and moisture of underlying land surface from polarimetric pulse echoes in specular direction [7].…”

Theory and application for retrieval and fusion of spatial and temporal quantitative information from complex natural environment

“…We developed an iterative approach to take account of high-order scattering and emission from densely distributed multi-layered scatters. (Jin and Chen, 2003;Jin and Liang, 2004b) The inverse problem of VRT is to retrieve the characteristic parameters of the objects from the observed radiance, e.g. scatter size, dielectric property, layer thickness, etc.…”

Polarimetric Scattering Modeling and Information Retrieval of Sar Remote Sensing --- A Review of Fdu Work

“…(1). The co-polarized and cross-polarized backscattering coefficients, σ c and σ x , polarization degree m s for scattered Stokes echo with partial polarization and other functions can be numerically calculated [26].…”