Scanning electron microscopical analysis of laser-treated titanium implant surfaces—a comparative study

Gaggl, Alexander; Schultes, Günter; Müller, Wolf‐Dieter; Kärcher, Hans

doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00002-8

Cited by 196 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It was reported that the SEM of laser treated implants demonstrated a deep and regular honeycomb pattern with small pores and the removal torque was 23.58 N-cm for the controlled machined implants and 62.58 N-cm for the lasertreated implants. A. Gaggl et al 50 made an comparative study on four different dental implant surfaces treated with machined roughness, titanium spray coating, treated by aluminium oxide and treated by laser. It is reported that the laser-treated surface has high purity and showed enough surface roughness for good osteointegration and had a regular pattern of micro pores with an interval of 10-12 μm, a diameter of 25 μm and a depth of 20 μm.…”

Section: Laser Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the surface modifications of titanium alloys for biomedical applications

Manjaiah¹,

Laubscher²

2017

Mater. tehnol.

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Dental implants are mechanical components that are used to restore the mastication (chewing) function and/or aesthetic appeal because of tooth loss or degradation. They are affixed (screwed) into the upper or lower jaw and act as a base for single or bridge-type tooth replacements. They are mostly manufactured from titanium alloys. The surface integrity of the manufactured implant may have a significant effect on the functioning and success of the implant. A systematic review is described on the effect of engineered surface integrity on the performance of titanium dental implants as regards the implant fixation, mechanical performance, bone growth and cell response. The need for surface engineering of the implant is introduced first. This includes the mechanical, surface-integrity and biocompatibility-required properties. This is followed by introducing and discussing the dedicated surface-modification processes currently employed. These include: abrasive blasting, electrochemical processes, hybrid processes and laser modification. The mechanical and biocompatible properties of an implant are the most crucial factor for their application in biomedical use. Hence, the present review article focused on the latest improvements to dental implant design based on the mechanical and biocompatible properties. The physical contact of an implant with respect to its surface roughness is an important factor in dental implant design. The surface roughness of an implant on the macro, micro and nano scales have specific effects on the implant's contact with the surrounding tissue of the bone. In addition, the biocompitability of titanium material is very important to develop a sustainable dental implant. Looking into the importance of the above mechanical and biocompatible properties of bone implants, the authors review elaborately the development of titanium-based implants with reference to the above properties. Keywords: implants, titanium, surface roughness, systematic review, surface engineering process, hybrid process, mechanical machining, chemical treatment Zobni vsadki so mehanske komponente, ki se jih uporablja za obnovo funkcije`ve~enja in/ali iz estetskih razlogov zaradi izgube ali poslab{anja zoba. Pritrjeni (privija~eni) so v zgornjo ali v spodnjo~eljust in slu`ijo kot osnova za nadomestni zob ali za mosti~ek. Ve~inoma so izdelani iz titanovih zlitin. Integriteta povr{ine izdelanih vsadkov lahko pomembno vpliva na delovanje in uspe{nost vsadka. Opisan je sistemati~en pregled o vplivu in`enirske celovitosti povr{ine na zmogljivost titanovega dentalnega vsadka glede na pritrditev vsadka, mehanske zmogljivosti, vra{~anja kosti in odziva celic. Najprej je predstavljena potreba po obdelavi povr{ine vsadka. To vklju~uje zahtevane mehanske lastnosti, celovitost povr{ine in biokompatibilnost. Temu sledi predstavitev in razlaga trenutno uporabljanih postopkov za namensko spremembo povr{ine. To vklju~uje: abrazivno peskanje, elektrokemijske procese, hibridne procese in modifikacijo z laserjem. Mehanske in biokompatibilne la...

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Section: Laser Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the surface modifications of titanium alloys for biomedical applications

Manjaiah¹,

Laubscher²

2017

Mater. tehnol.

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“…Among the above described methods, laser induced surface modification techniques have attracted enormous scientific interest. One of the most attractive features of laser processing is that the inherent biocompatibility of the starting material has been found to be not negatively affected during processing [21] and causes minimal contamination which promotes osteointegration and subsequent better implant stability [22][23][24][25]. Biocompatibility properties of laser modified surfaces have been extensively studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grizon et al found that rougher titanium implants produced a stronger bone response compared to smoother implants after a long term implantation [29]. Wennerberg and colleagues demonstrated that wave structures with an average wavelength of 11.6 µm and height deviations of 1.4 µm were optimal for titanium orthopaedic biomedical implants [22,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitrofibroblast and pre-osteoblastic cellular responses on laser surface modified Ti–6Al–4V

et al. 2014

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The success of any implant, dental or orthopaedic, is driven by the interaction of implant material with the surrounding tissue. In this context, the nature of the implant surface plays a direct role in determining the long term stability as physico-chemical properties of the surface affect cellular attachment, expression of proteins, and finally osseointegration. Thus to enhance the degree of integration of the implant into the host tissue, various surface modification techniques are employed. In this work, laser surface melting of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V was carried out using a CO 2 laser with an argon gas atmosphere. Investigations were carried out to study the influence of laser surface modification on the biocompatibility of Ti-6Al-4V alloy implant material. Surface roughness, microhardness, and phase development were recorded. Initial knowledge of these effects on biocompatibility was gained from examination of the response of fibroblast cell lines, which was followed by examination of the response of osteoblast cell lines which is relevant to the applications of this material in bone repair. Biocompatibility with these cell lines was analysed via Resazurin cell viability assay, DNA cell attachment assay, and alamarBlue metabolic activity assay. Laser treated surfaces were found to preferentially promote cell attachment, higher levels of proliferation, and enhanced bioactivity when compared to untreated control samples. These results demonstrate the tremendous potential of this laser surface melting treatment to significantly improve the biocompatibility of titanium implants in vivo.

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“…Nevertheless, the application of these alloys under severe friction conditions is highly restricted due to their poor tribological properties such as high coefficient of friction and low hardness [1,2]. At the same time, from the alloy used as an implant material especially in the orthopedic fields, roughening of the surface is requirement [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modifications of a Ti6Al4V Alloy by a Laser Shock Processing

Rozmus-Górnikowska

2010

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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The influence of the Laser Shock Processing (LSP) on the morphology, microstructure and surface layer properties of a Ti6Al4V alloy has been studied. Residual stresses were assessed as well. For the Laser Shock Processing a 1 KW, high-power Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was used. During the process the surface of the investigated material was covered by series of single, partially overlapping impulses. The laser power density was a 1 GW/cm 2 and a pulse duration of 18 ns. The microstructure and the phases presented in the surface layer of the treated material were analysed by optical, scanning and transmisssion electron microscopy as well as by X-ray diffractometry. The X-ray diffractometry was also use to determine the residual stresses. It has been found that the laser shock processing can cause plastic deformation and generate the compressive residual stresses into the treated surface of a Ti6Al4V alloy.

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Scanning electron microscopical analysis of laser-treated titanium implant surfaces—a comparative study

Cited by 196 publications

References 12 publications

A review of the surface modifications of titanium alloys for biomedical applications

A review of the surface modifications of titanium alloys for biomedical applications

In vitrofibroblast and pre-osteoblastic cellular responses on laser surface modified Ti–6Al–4V

Surface Modifications of a Ti6Al4V Alloy by a Laser Shock Processing

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