Scaling up the charge transfer on Pd@Ti3C2Tx–TiO2 catalysts: a sustainable approach for H2 generation via water splitting

Abid, Muhammad Zeeshan; Rafiq, Khezina; Rauf, Abdul; Althomali, Raed H.; Hussain, Ejaz

doi:10.1039/d3ma00710c

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Scanning probe microscopy is an alternative term for AFM that delivers information about the smooth and rough surfaces of any materials. With AFM, the surface roughness of catalysts can be measured up to the Angstrom (Å) scale . In this work, the surface topology and external morphology of photocatalysts were predicted by AFM, which justify the exact thickness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Sunlight-Driven Hydrogen Generation: Acceleration of Synergism between Cu–Ag Cocatalysts on a CdS System

Hussain,

Ishaq,

Abid

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The high cost and limited sources of fossil fuels led researchers to discover alternative sources of energy. The aim of this work is to explore stable and efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution under sunlight. From this perspective, various catalysts including CdS, Ag@CdS, Cu@CdS, and Cu/Ag@CdS have been designed and synthesized via the hydrothermal method. To enhance the surface stability and activity of CdS, copper and silver metals were selected as cocatalysts. Cocatalyst contents were in situ deposited over the surfaces of CdS using a chemical reduction approach. The optical and structural properties of the catalysts were investigated via UV−vis/diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Raman, photoluminescence (PL), Xray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. Their chemical compositions and surface characteristics were confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies. Thermal stability was assured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), whereas magnetic properties were determined by electron paramagnetic analysis (EPR). Photoreactions were done in a quartz photoreactor (150 mL/Velp Scienific) and hydrogen generation activities were monitored using gas chromatographs, i.e., GC-TCD (Shimadzu-2010/Japan). The results depict that catalysts with 2% Cu and 1% Ag on CdS exhibit the highest activity (i.e., 18.93 mmol g −1 h −1 with 45.04% quantum efficiencies). The higher activities were attributed to the synergism generated between the Cu and Ag cocatalysts during the photoreaction. It has been predicted that cocatalysts enhance the electron populations on CdS surfaces by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Cu/Ag cocatalysts. Schottky junctions formed by Ag cocatalysts on CdS restrict the charge recombination (i.e., back reactions). Additionally, various factors like pH, temperature, photocatalyst dosage, and intensity of light have been evaluated and discussed to optimize the ideal conditions. The results of this study hold promise for an eventual transition to replace the costly and conventional catalysts used for sustainable hydrogen generation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Sunlight-Driven Hydrogen Generation: Acceleration of Synergism between Cu–Ag Cocatalysts on a CdS System

Hussain,

Ishaq,

Abid

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…19h). 144 These results indicate that the presence of MXene QDs and Pd@Ti 3 C 2 T x delivers higher H 2 -generation efficiencies compared with other conventional catalysts in similar conditions. 4.4.1 Advantages and drawbacks.…”

Section: Applications Of Mxenes In Catalysismentioning

confidence: 71%

Scope, evaluation and current perspectives of MXene synthesis strategies for state of the art applications

Abid,

Rafiq,

Aslam

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…Pd–SrO@TiO 2 /gCN has a smaller radius compared to TiO 2 /gCN and Pd@TiO 2 /gCN, indicating a lower electron transfer resistance that inhibits charge recombination. 57 It is proposed that the separation and transfer of photogenerated charges could be effectively promoted by combining a certain amount of SrO and Pd (1.8 : 0.2 wt%), thereby enhancing the effect of photocatalytic hydrogen production.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting water-splitting reaction on TiO₂/gCN with Pd/SrO cocatalysts: H₂ evolution in the absence of a sacrificial reagent

Rafiq,

Sahar,

Abid

et al. 2024

Energy Adv.

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Scaling up the charge transfer on Pd@Ti₃C₂T_x–TiO₂ catalysts: a sustainable approach for H₂ generation via water splitting

Abstract: The increasing energy demands have led modern societies to search for green and renewable alternatives that can replace the traditional energy sources (i.e. fossil fuels). Aim of this project is...

Cited by 7 publications

References 114 publications

Sunlight-Driven Hydrogen Generation: Acceleration of Synergism between Cu–Ag Cocatalysts on a CdS System

Sunlight-Driven Hydrogen Generation: Acceleration of Synergism between Cu–Ag Cocatalysts on a CdS System

Scope, evaluation and current perspectives of MXene synthesis strategies for state of the art applications

Promoting water-splitting reaction on TiO₂/gCN with Pd/SrO cocatalysts: H₂ evolution in the absence of a sacrificial reagent

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Scaling up the charge transfer on Pd@Ti3C2Tx–TiO2 catalysts: a sustainable approach for H2 generation via water splitting

Abstract: The increasing energy demands have led modern societies to search for green and renewable alternatives that can replace the traditional energy sources (i.e. fossil fuels). Aim of this project is...

Cited by 7 publications

References 114 publications

Sunlight-Driven Hydrogen Generation: Acceleration of Synergism between Cu–Ag Cocatalysts on a CdS System

Sunlight-Driven Hydrogen Generation: Acceleration of Synergism between Cu–Ag Cocatalysts on a CdS System

Scope, evaluation and current perspectives of MXene synthesis strategies for state of the art applications

Promoting water-splitting reaction on TiO2/gCN with Pd/SrO cocatalysts: H2 evolution in the absence of a sacrificial reagent

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Scaling up the charge transfer on Pd@Ti₃C₂T_x–TiO₂ catalysts: a sustainable approach for H₂ generation via water splitting

Promoting water-splitting reaction on TiO₂/gCN with Pd/SrO cocatalysts: H₂ evolution in the absence of a sacrificial reagent