Scaling effects in multi-robot control

Velagapudi, Prasanna; Scerri, Paul; Sycara, Katia; Wang, Huadong; Lewis, Michael; Wang, Jijun

doi:10.1109/iros.2008.4651073

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…31 These studies are just a few examples of the works comparing workload levels as the human supervisor is tasked to deploy various numbers of robots. Many other research efforts 15,18,31,32,36,37 have reported similar results to the ones presented above, reinforcing the link between increased group size and heightened workload. Given that workload can only be increased up to a limit, it becomes evident that only a limited number of robots can be deployed by a single human supervisor.…”

Section: The Effects Of High Workloadsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Consequently, the supervisor would experience more workload with the addition of each robot. 14,[17][18][19][20] There is then a greater propensity for the supervisor to fail to perform critical tasks. 21 Awareness for the actions of robots, the status of each robot as well as their progress in fulfilling the mission objective is critical when deploying robots.…”

Section: The Cognitive Challenges In Multiple-robot Supervisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Workload, awareness and automation in multiple-robot supervision

Wong

Seet

2017

International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems

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Using a single human to supervise multiple robots helps to address manpower constraints while deriving the benefits of multiple-robot deployment such as efficiency and improved system reliability. However, it can also induce high supervisor workload and diminish situation awareness. This article explains workload and situation awareness. It reviews various studies related to human-robot systems to illustrate the effects and causes of workload and diminished situation awareness in such systems. The article reviews and discusses the application of automation to address workload and situation-awareness concerns. It also presents the issues that the use of automation can cause, highlighting that automation must be applied with care. The article advocates the consideration of sliding autonomy for four aspects of task execution: information acquisition, information analysis, decision selection and action implementation. It additionally encourages the appreciation for recognized methods of applying and triggering automation. The hope is for robots to be equipped with adjustable autonomy across multiple aspects of task performance to create robotic systems with highly flexible autonomy configurations. While robots from such systems may have the flexibility to deal with numerous situation requirements, the research challenge is understanding if and how such flexibility will affect human workload.

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Section: The Effects Of High Workloadsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: The Cognitive Challenges In Multiple-robot Supervisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workload, awareness and automation in multiple-robot supervision

Wong

Seet

2017

International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems

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“…At the moment, real-life SAR operations have only a few, if any, robots assisting the rescue workers so there is significant potential for more extensive MRS utilization, especially for the critical first 48 hours after which the likelihood of finding survivors drops rapidly in disaster scenarios. Currently, there are on average two human operators per one robot in a typical SAR mission, but simulation tests have implied that up to eight to twelve robots can be operated by a single operator with good efficiency [2]. One of SHERPA's goals is indeed to increase this ratio and ERL Emergency could push the usage of MRS in actual SAR operations by somewhat shifting its focus to allow and encourage more robots per competition team.…”

Section: Final Thoughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenge of Preparing Teams for the European Robotics League: Emergency

Röning

Kauppinen

Pitkanen

et al. 2017

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“…The authors show that their participants' workload was significantly higher when they had to search for the bombs with nine robots compared to with six robots. Velagapudi et al (2008) conducted search and rescue experiments with 4, 8 and 12 simulated robots. The results of their experiments revealed that their participants' workload increased when the number of robots increased.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the effect of increasing robot group sizes on the human psychophysiological state in the context of human–swarm interaction

et al. 2016

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We study the psychophysiological state of humans when exposed to robot groups of varying sizes. In our experiments, 24 participants are exposed sequentially to groups of robots made up of 1, 3 and 24 robots. We measure both objective physiological metrics (skin conductance level and heart rate), and subjective self-reported metrics (from a psychological questionnaire). These measures allow us to analyse the psychophysiological state (stress, anxiety, happiness) of our participants. Our results show that the number of robots to which a human is exposed has a significant impact on the psychophysiological state of the human and that higher numbers of robots provoke a stronger response.

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Scaling effects in multi-robot control

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Workload, awareness and automation in multiple-robot supervision

Workload, awareness and automation in multiple-robot supervision

The Challenge of Preparing Teams for the European Robotics League: Emergency

Investigating the effect of increasing robot group sizes on the human psychophysiological state in the context of human–swarm interaction

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