Scaled Modeling and Measurement for Studying Radio Wave Propagation in Tunnels

Gerasimov, Jacob; Balal, Nezah; Liokumovitch, Egor; Richter, Yair; Gerasimov, Michael; Bamani, Eran; Pinhasi, Gad A.; Pinhasi, Y.

doi:10.3390/electronics10010053

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This investigation [65] uses of the ray tracing approach, which may be applied to structures with many orders of magnitude larger than the operational wavelength. Using image theory, the authors developed a multi-ray model to demonstrate non-dimensional properties.…”

Section: A: Gerasimov Jacob Model (Gjm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave Propagation Modeling Techniques in Tunnel Environments: A Survey

et al. 2023

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The prediction of radio signal transmission in tunnels is important for wireless communication link design as it enables the delivery of optimum power to the intended receiver inside the tunnel. Several techniques have been proposed to estimate path loss for wireless communication inside tunnels. The radio coverage range and where base stations need to be installed can be figured out with the help of propagation models. At the time of developing these models, modeling complexity and environmental attributes, such as the tunnel geometry and the electrical and magnetic properties of its walls and interior materials are considered. A limited amount of literature currently overviews how waves transmits through tunnels and how electromagnetic wave transmission has recently changed. This survey, which examines current advancements in the propagation of waves in tunnels, aims to address this gap. In this review, thirty wave propagation models were analyzed and grouped into distinct categories for the first time. The detailed specifications of each model were omitted to make the survey easy to comprehend. This comparative research will help service providers adopt an appropriate propagation model and plan efficient transmitter and receiver placement and link management for a specific tunnel environment.INDEX TERMS Artificial neural network, radio wave propagation, ray tracing, scaling, tunnel.

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Section: A: Gerasimov Jacob Model (Gjm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave Propagation Modeling Techniques in Tunnel Environments: A Survey

et al. 2023

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“…Various wave propagation techniques have been investigated and published in this subject area. These include numerical techniques for solving electromagnetic wave propagation [7], ray tracing technique [8,9], modal technique [10], scaling technique [11,12], neural network [13], and empirical method [14]. The vector parabolic equation [15] and the finite difference time domain technique [16] have also been used to calculate the propagation of electromagnetic waves while reducing the computational complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path Loss Investigation in Hall Environment at Centimeter and Millimeter-Wave Bands

Samad

Choi

2022

Sensors

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The millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency is considered a viable radio wave band for fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks, owing to its ability to access a vast spectrum of resources. However, mmWave suffers from undesirable characteristics such as increased attenuation during transmission. Therefore, a well-fitted path loss model to a specific environment can help manage optimal power delivery in the receiver and optimal transmitter power in the transmitter in the mmWave band. This study investigates large-scale path loss models in a university hall environment with a real-measured path loss dataset using directional horn antennas in co-polarization (H–H) and tracking antenna systems (TAS) in line-of-sight (LOS) circumstances between the transmitter and receptor at mmWave and centimeter-level bands. Although the centimeter-level band is used in certain industrialized nations, path loss characteristics in a university hall environment have not been well-examined. Consequently, this study aims to bridge this research gap. The results of this study indicate that, in general, the large-scale floating-intercept (FI) model gives a satisfactory performance in fitting the path loss both in the center and wall side links.

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“…In recent years, wireless communication has become ubiquitous in areas such as tunnels, underground stations, crossing bridges, etc., to provide high-reliability and lowlatency data transmission for security and train control [1] and to offer various communication or entertainment services to passengers [2]. The environment in a subway tunnel is much more complex than free space, necessitating a thorough analysis of signal transmission [3]. Therefore, research on the propagation attributes of the signals and channel models in a tunnel environment is essential for designing wireless communication systems and transmission technologies [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path Loss Model for 3.5 GHz and 5.6 GHz Bands in Cascaded Tunnel Environments

Qian

Saleem

et al. 2022

Sensors

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An important and typical scenario of radio propagation in a railway or subway tunnel environment is the cascaded straight and curved tunnel. In this paper, we propose a joint path loss model for cascaded tunnels at 3.5 GHz and 5.6 GHz frequency bands. By combining the waveguide mode theory and the method of shooting and bouncing ray (SBR), it is found that the curvature of tunnels introduces an extra loss in the far-field region, which can be modeled as a linear function of the propagation distance of the signal in the curved tunnel. The channel of the cascaded straight and curved tunnel is thus characterized using the extra loss coefficient (ELC). Based on the ray-tracing (RT) method, an empirical formula between ELC and the radius of the curvature is provided for 3.5 GHz and 5.6 GHz, respectively. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed model is verified by measurement and simulation results. It is shown that the proposed model can predict path loss in cascaded tunnels with desirable accuracy and low complexity.

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Scaled Modeling and Measurement for Studying Radio Wave Propagation in Tunnels

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Wave Propagation Modeling Techniques in Tunnel Environments: A Survey

Wave Propagation Modeling Techniques in Tunnel Environments: A Survey

Path Loss Investigation in Hall Environment at Centimeter and Millimeter-Wave Bands

Path Loss Model for 3.5 GHz and 5.6 GHz Bands in Cascaded Tunnel Environments

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