Scale-up criteria and economic analysis for supercritical fluid extraction of Phyllanthus niruri

Hassim, Norsyamimi; Markom, Masturah; Rosli, Masli Irwan; Harun, Shuhaida

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2019.03.011

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The OEC comparison between model prediction that was obtained from the previous study 32 , and validation experiment for 0.5 kg feed capacity at both L1 and L2 operating conditions were presented in Fig. 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the scale-up validation extraction was conducted by using samples with larger particle sizes (0.5–3 mm) to avoid channelling effect. According to Hassim et al 32 , the diffusional mechanism (solid phase) was less representative than the convection (fluid phase) on the extraction process of P. niruri . Hence, the size distribution or particle size were assumed to not much affecting the scale-up process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 . The solvent mass to feed mass ratio (S/F) was the best scale-up criterion for this system based on the previous study for P. niruri extraction 32 . The behaviour of the process was predicted by using mathematical model, which was the modified Sovová model 34 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scale-up approach for supercritical fluid extraction with ethanol–water modified carbon dioxide on Phyllanthus niruri for safe enriched herbal extracts

Hassim

Markom

Rosli

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Scaling-up supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) for the extraction of bioactive compounds from herbal plants is challenging, especially with the presence of alcohol-water as co-solvent. Hence, the main objective of this study is to validate the scale-up criteria of SFE process for Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri), and analyse the extract safety and profitability process at the industrial scale. The study was performed by using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) with ethanol–water co-solvent at two operating conditions (L1: 200 bar, 60 °C and L2: 262 bar, 80 °C). The solvent-to-feed ratio (S/F) scale-up validation experiments were conducted at both operating conditions with feed mass capacity of 0.5 kg. The extraction yields and overall extraction curves obtained were almost similar to the predicted ones, with error of 5.13% and 14.2%, respectively. The safety of scale-up extract was evaluated by using a toxicity test against zebrafish embryo (FETT). The extract exhibited a low toxic effect with the LD50 value of 505.71 µg/mL. The economic evaluation using a detailed profitability analysis showed that the SFE of P. niruri was an economically feasible process, as it disclosed the encouraging values of return on investment (ROI) and net present values (NPV) for all scale-up capacities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scale-up approach for supercritical fluid extraction with ethanol–water modified carbon dioxide on Phyllanthus niruri for safe enriched herbal extracts

Hassim

Markom

Rosli

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…As stated earlier, despite the lack of information on extraction of bioactives from tropical fruits, several studies have been performed to scale‐up the extraction process of biological active compounds from diverse fruits, such as grape seed (Prado et al., 2012), peach seed (Mezzomo et al., 2009), among other crops. Based on scale‐up data determined by several authors (Hassim et al., 2019; Prado et al., 2012), the yield increased along with increasing scale, which at the same time means that the COM can be reduced for industrial applications. In this line of reasoning, recently Essien et al.…”

Section: Perspectives and Challenges On The Application Of Sc‐co2 For The Valorization Of Byproducts From Tropical Fruitsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For this reason, typically first the influence of reaction conditions and S/F on the extraction performance is studied. In general, this ratio should be correctly defined so that contact between the solvent and the biomass is enough to solve the analytes at sufficient yield but also to ensure that the amount of solvent and CO 2 are within the necessary range, since this will impact the COM (Hassim et al., 2019). In general, lower S/F require smaller solvent pumps and recirculation equipment, but higher S/F implicate the use of heat exchangers and pumps of higher capacity (Albarelli et al., 2016; Hatami, dos Santos, et al., 2020).…”

Section: Economic and Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of byproducts from tropical fruits: A review, Part 2: Applications, economic, and environmental aspects of biorefinery via supercritical fluid extraction

Villacís-Chiriboga

Vera

Camp

et al. 2021

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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The global trade of tropical fruits is expected to increase significantly in the coming years. In 2018, the production was approximately 100 million tones, an increase of 3.3% compared to the previous year. Nevertheless, according to the Food and Agricultural Organization, every year one‐third of the food produced in the world for human consumption is lost or wasted. More specifically, around 45% of the fruits, constituted mainly by peels, seeds, and pulps after juice extraction, are discarded mainly in the agricultural and processing steps. Therefore, decreasing and/or using these byproducts, which are often rich in bioactive components, have become an important focus for both the scientific community and the fruit processing industry. In this line, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technology is expected to play a significant role in the valorization of these byproducts. This review presents the concepts of a tropical fruit biorefinery using supercritical CO2 extraction and the potential applications of the isolated fractions. There is a specific focus on the extraction of bioactive compounds, that is, carotenoids and phenolics, but also oils and other valuable molecules. Moreover, the techno‐economic and environmental performance is assessed. Overall, the biorefinery of tropical fruits via SFE provides new opportunities for development of food and pharmaceutical products with improved economic and environmental performance.

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Extraction of Essential Oils with Supercritical Fluid

Santana

Meireles

2023

Essential Oils

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Scale-up criteria and economic analysis for supercritical fluid extraction of Phyllanthus niruri

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Scale-up approach for supercritical fluid extraction with ethanol–water modified carbon dioxide on Phyllanthus niruri for safe enriched herbal extracts

Scale-up approach for supercritical fluid extraction with ethanol–water modified carbon dioxide on Phyllanthus niruri for safe enriched herbal extracts

Valorization of byproducts from tropical fruits: A review, Part 2: Applications, economic, and environmental aspects of biorefinery via supercritical fluid extraction

Extraction of Essential Oils with Supercritical Fluid

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