The article focuses on the perspectives of holidaymakers who have used internet to book a part or the whole spectrum of their holidays' accommodation. Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), the research examines the complex relations between product and web vendor risks, and marketing activities on consumer trust, also employing predictive validity. It examines the perspectives of 735 holidaymakers returining to Manchester International Airport, through the use of structured questionnaires. The findings reveal three sufficient configurations dealing with the focus on the impact of price and quality relationships, the influence of product and web-vendor risks on consumer trust, and the importance of marketing for the minimization of perceived risks in online tourism shopping. Theoretically, the study contributes on the understanding of online decisions' complexity, and explores the attributes that affect accommodation e-purchasing and associated linkages.Methodologically, it implements QCA, which is new in tourism and hospitality domain. It also progresses from fit to predictive validity, an analysis that only a handful of studies has implemented in the service industry.
IntroductionThere is a growing need for new knowledge, theories and models of Internet consumer behavior due to the evolution of electronic commerce as it becomes a vital aspect of customer relations and marketing strategy (Racherla et al., 2008; Close & Kukar-Kinney, 2010). The online purchasing behavior needs to be further understood hence, it attracts increasing research attention (Mosteller et al., 2014). As several studies have pinpointed, the key to long-term success for e-retailers is to build consumer trust (Pavlou & Fygensen, 2006;Vos et al., 2014), but the latter is negatively influenced by the perceived risks (Hong & Cha, 2013) associated with both products (Ward & Lee, 2000) and web-vendors (Jiang et al., 2008). Thus, it is important to examine the risk factors affecting trust in Internet shopping, while the purchasing intentions of online consumers need to be further investigated.In tourism and hospitality, the Internet has considerably altered consumers' behavior (Wen, 2009;Mendez et al., 2015) since it gave them the opportunity to directly interact and engage with suppliers, tourist destinations, and hotel firms (Buhalis & Law, 2008). Consumers also share experiences directly with other consumers through eWOM (electronic Word of Mouth) (Akehurst, 2009) something that increases the operational complexity in modern business. Social media (e.g. Facebook, YouTube, Twitter) play a significant part on these attributes since they become a major opportunity and challenge for many tourism and hospitality companies, whilst most of those enterprises actively participate in social media information exchange (Sparks, et al., 2013). The Internet has ultimately altered the booking share from which tourist agencies and especially hotels receive their business (Law & Cheung, 2006). Online shopping has changed tourist behavior s...