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ABSTRACTField Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are being used to provide fast Internet Protocol (IP) packet routing and advanced queuing in a highly scalable network switch. A new module, called the Field-programmable Port Extender (FPX), is being built to augment the Washington University Gigabit Switch (WUGS) with reprogrammable logic.FPX modules reside at the edge of the WUGS switching fabric. Physically, the module is inserted between an optical line card and the WUGS gigabit switch backplane. The hardware used for this project allows ports of the switch populated with an FPX to operate at rates up to 2.4 Gigabits/second. The aggregate throughput of the system scales with the number of switch ports.Logic on the FPX module is implemented with two FPGA devices. The first device is used to interface between the switch and the line card, while the second is used to prototype new networking functions and protocols. The logic on the second F P G A can be reprogrammed dynamically via control cells sent over the network.
Figure 1: FPX between Line Card and WUGSThe flexibility of the F P X has made the card of interest for several networking applications. This year, fifty FPX hardware modules will be fabricated and distributed to researchers at eight universities around the country who are interested in experimenting with reprogr~mmable networks and per-flow queuing mechanisms. The FPX hardware will first be used to implement fast IP lookup algorithrn~ and distributed input queueing.
BACKGROUNDThe growth of the Internet has affected the design of network switches in two major ways. First, the complexity of packet processing algorithrna have increased in order to provide better network utilization. Second, the throughput of the switches have increased in order to provide greater bandwidth. Past experiences provide valuable insight to the role of FPGAs for future highspeed networks.