Scalable Hong-Ou-Mandel manifolds in quantum-optical ring resonators

Abstract

Quantum Information Processing, from cryptography to computation, based upon linear quantum optical circuit elements relies heavily on the ability offered by the Hong-Ou-Mandel (H-O-M) Effect to "route" photons from separate input modes into one of two common output modes. Specifically, the H-O-M Effect accomplishes the path entanglement of two photons at a time such that no coincidences are observed in the output modes of a system exhibiting the effect. In this paper, we prove in principle that a significant increase in the robustness of the H-O-M Effect can be accomplished in a scalable, readily manufactured nanophotonic system comprised of two waveguides coupled, on-chip, to a ring resonator. We show that by operating such a device properly, one can conditionally "bunch" coincident input photons in a way that is far more robust and controllable than possible with an ordinary 50/50 beam splitter. I.

Photon-pair generation in a lossy microring resonator. II. Entanglement in the output mixed Gaussian squeezed state

“…Previously, we have (i) examined the quantum dynamics of a single bus microring resonator [23], (ii) proposed and analyzed a 'fundamental circuit' element for this class of devices [12], and (iii) extended the analysis of the fundamental circuit element to examine its response in the presence of quantum noise [3].…”

“…Specifically, in references [3,12,23] we demonstrate theoretically advantageous enhancements of the operating parameter spaces of the devices we consider owing to the Passive Quantum Optical Feedback (PQOF) that is a signature feature of the architecture for this class of device. In this paper, and in the first paper in this two paper sequence (AH-I), we have extended the analysis to include on-chip, intra-ring photon generation via the processes of SPDC and SFWM.…”

“…Our current and future work is focused upon using the theoretical and computational tools we have developed so far in [1,3,12,23] and this current work to inform the design and to optimize the function of devices of high impact for Linear Quantum Optical Information processing, such as the Knill-Laflamme-Milburn (KLM) CNOT gate [24]. Further, we are investigating larger networks of directionally coupled silicon nanophonotonic waveguide/mrr arrays for possible quantum advantages with respect to communications, sensing and metrology [25,26].…”

“…Here, G out,in (ω) has the same form as the semi-classical case (see e.g. Yariv [10], and Rabus [11]) that one obtains with the inclusion of a phenomenological loss factor 0 ≤ α a ≤ 1 (see also [12]). …”

Photon-pair generation in a lossy microring resonator. I. Theory

“…For the quantum derivation including internal propagation loss (generalizing the the lossless mrr considerations begun in [27]), AH [22] used an expression by Loudon [28,29] for the attenuation loss of a traveling wave, modeled from a continuous set of beams splitters acting as scattering centers [28,29],…”