“…A vital healthcare diplomacycomponent is international technical cooperation, "technical and communal approach, whereby know-how, strategic guidance, and work can be shared, to ensure a more equitable development between different countries" 9 . In turn, the term 'global healthcare' refers to healthcare matters deemed borderless and of collective responsibility, which demands collaborative actions between the countries in question 10 .…”
Section: Foreign Policy and Healthcare Diplomacy In The Zika Eramentioning
Although awareness of the Zika virus has existed since the 1950s, only recently has it attracted the interest of the international community. In 2015 and 2016, the virus spread throughout Brazil and suspicions on the possible relation between parallel increases in neurological disorders and the infection arose. By November 2015, this concern had developed into a National Public Health Emergency. On February 1, 2016, WHO formally declared its suspicion that this was a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), and sent a response in accordance with International Health Regulations (2005). Zika is present in almost all South American countries, and PAHO/WHO, Unasur, and Mercosur are developing responsive actions to the epidemic. The aim of this article is to present a critical analysis of the regional South American and Brazilian responses of February through September 2016, in respect of this PHEIC announcement, utilizing qualitative methodologies via bibliographical examination and document analysis. In this context, the PAHO/WHO played a prominent role as compared with the other organizations. Moreover, the political environment of the region also played a major role in the instability of both Mercosur and Unasur, which could impact the capacity and effectiveness of the response.
“…A vital healthcare diplomacycomponent is international technical cooperation, "technical and communal approach, whereby know-how, strategic guidance, and work can be shared, to ensure a more equitable development between different countries" 9 . In turn, the term 'global healthcare' refers to healthcare matters deemed borderless and of collective responsibility, which demands collaborative actions between the countries in question 10 .…”
Section: Foreign Policy and Healthcare Diplomacy In The Zika Eramentioning
Although awareness of the Zika virus has existed since the 1950s, only recently has it attracted the interest of the international community. In 2015 and 2016, the virus spread throughout Brazil and suspicions on the possible relation between parallel increases in neurological disorders and the infection arose. By November 2015, this concern had developed into a National Public Health Emergency. On February 1, 2016, WHO formally declared its suspicion that this was a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), and sent a response in accordance with International Health Regulations (2005). Zika is present in almost all South American countries, and PAHO/WHO, Unasur, and Mercosur are developing responsive actions to the epidemic. The aim of this article is to present a critical analysis of the regional South American and Brazilian responses of February through September 2016, in respect of this PHEIC announcement, utilizing qualitative methodologies via bibliographical examination and document analysis. In this context, the PAHO/WHO played a prominent role as compared with the other organizations. Moreover, the political environment of the region also played a major role in the instability of both Mercosur and Unasur, which could impact the capacity and effectiveness of the response.
“…Desde finales siglo XX hasta la actualidad, la participación de nuevos actores en la esfera diplomática ha dado origen al desarrollo de nuevos procesos y al análisis de temas sectoriales que competen a dicha esfera. De todo ello se desprende la concepción de la diplomacia de la salud como una serie de negociaciones desarrolladas en diversos niveles, que delinean y gestionan el ambiente de las políticas globales en salud y que, idealmente, pueden producir mejores resultados para la salud (7). Se trata de un proceso de interacción entre las partes interesadas de la salud pública y otros actores que inciden en ella y en la política con fines de representación, cooperación, resolución de conflictos, mejora de los sistemas de salud y garantía del derecho a la salud de toda la población (8).…”
Section: Diplomacia De La Salud: Del Concepto a La Prácticaunclassified
La dimensión internacional de los determinantes sociales, económicos y ambientales de la salud y sus manifestaciones impulsa a los países a emprender cada vez más negociaciones entre sí y a participar activamente en la gobernanza de la salud global y en la gobernanza global por sus inequívocas relaciones con la salud. Los ministerios de salud necesitan personal capacitado para ello. En este informe se reflexiona sobre el fortalecimiento de esa función de los ministerios de salud por medio de procesos de capacitación en diplomacia de la salud y se analiza la experiencia del Programa de Fortalecimiento de la Cooperación para el Desarrollo Sanitario (CCHD), desarrollado por el Departamento de Relaciones Externas, Alianzas y Movilización de Recursos de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) y el Centro de Relaciones Internacionales en Salud de la Fundación Oswaldo Cruz (CRIS/FIOCRUZ). Esta reflexión parte de los participantes y de los facilitadores y coordinadores del CCHD, y se basa en la construcción de los conceptos a partir de la experiencia como soporte de la reflexión para explicar la realidad y pensar en las concepciones y prácticas de los procesos de gobernanza en salud y cooperación de los ministerios de salud. Como la diplomacia de la salud es un concepto en construcción, las experiencias de capacitación en diplomacia de la salud deben promover la reflexión crítica y dar cuenta de la identidad a partir de las concepciones y prácticas de los actores involucrados en los procesos de gobernanza global y cooperación de los ministerios de salud. En este artículo también se identifican los requisitos y los procesos de formación de recursos humanos en diplomacia de la salud.
“…Globalization based on market rationality, with all the consequences deriving from social injustices and inequalities, leads us to seek other perspectives to analyze human desires and needs [1, 2]. Law, legal thinking and practice committed to human rights drive political, ethical and social agendas that supports the construction of a more comprehensive and inclusive rationality.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Law, legal thinking and practice committed to human rights drive political, ethical and social agendas that supports the construction of a more comprehensive and inclusive rationality. The idea of the universality of human rights can represent a framework that allows everyone to create conditions for particular conceptions of dignity to become possible [2]. From this perspective, it is important to emphasize that, while human rights derive from social practices, their articulation may also establish new practices.…”
Background
In the context of global health, the work of nurses is of key importance, given their role as diplomats in global health and as fundamental forces in the construction of global partnerships. This study seeks to identify the understanding and perceptions of Brazilian nursing faculty members regarding literacy of human rights related to health in nursing undergraduate programs.
Methods
Methodological, quantitative and cross-sectional study carried out with nursing faculty members from 20 Brazilian higher education institutions. For the data collection, the Brazilian version of the Basic Core Competencies in Global Health questionnaire was used, available on the website Survey Monkey. In this article, the answers related to the domain “Health as a human right and development resource” were assessed. Descriptive statistics were applied, as well as Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.
Results
In total, 222 questionnaires were completed. As for the domain “Health as a human right and development resource”, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient corresponded to 0.839 for the three domain items. Most of the participants fully agreed on the relevance of the contents related to the theme for nurses’ education.
Conclusions
It is essential that nurses have contact with human rights international instruments that influence implementation of health and health research policies, though this content’s treatment is still incipient in Brazilian nursing programs.
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