Satellite radar interferometry for assessing coseismic liquefaction in Portoviejo city, induced by the Mw 7.8 2016 Pedernales, Ecuador earthquake

Cando-Jácome, Marcelo; Martínez-Graña, Antonio Miguel; Chunga, Kervin; Ortiz-Hernández, Eduardo

doi:10.1007/s12665-020-09205-x

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Many of the collapsed buildings were sitting on these potentially liquefiable soils [51]; the inadequate structural designs caused the collapse and destruction of about 2100 houses located on lateral spreading, sand boils, subsidence, and sinkholes. All of these features occurred in the urban center of Portoviejo city, where there was the highest concentration of damage to homes.…”

Section: Liquefaction Susceptibility Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The urban area of Portoviejo, which is located 150 km away, was assigned a VII-VIII ESI-07 intensity [11,14], and registered the greatest damage to buildings. The poor geotechnical quality of the soils was exacerbated by the total breakdown of 2678 collapsed dwellings [51]. Other historical effects of soil liquefaction were documented in 1942 (Mw 7.9), in the same seismogenetic segment of the South American subduction zone, on the central coast of Ecuador [13][14][15]18,21,25,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other historical effects of soil liquefaction were documented in 1942 (Mw 7.9), in the same seismogenetic segment of the South American subduction zone, on the central coast of Ecuador [13][14][15]18,21,25,27]. During the recent thrust of the Pedernales earthquake, coseismic geological effects were documented in an area of around 18,000 km 2 , which included various soil liquefaction features in recent sedimentary deposits, such as alluvial and alluvial-colluvial sequences, where high frequencies are related to Quaternary climatic oscillations [11,14,21,22,25,50,51]. In the seismic event that occurred on 16 April 2016, the peak ground acceleration (PGA) of the soil was 1.40 g for the city of Pedernales, while in the city of Portoviejo it was approximately 0.38 g [52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Susceptibility to Soil Liquefaction Using the Standard Penetration Test (SPT)—A Case Study from the City of Portoviejo, Coastal Ecuador

Ortiz-Hernández

Chunga

Pastor

et al. 2022

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The city of Portoviejo in coastal Ecuador was severely affected during the 16 April 2016, Pedernales earthquake (Mw 7.8). Various coseismic liquefaction phenomena occurred, inducing lateral spreading, sand boils, ground subsidence, and sinkholes in soils with poor geotechnical quality in the alluvial and alluvial–colluvial sedimentary environment. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to collect data from standard penetration tests (SPT) and shear velocity and exploratory trenches and to calculate the liquefaction potential index (LPI) by considering a corresponding seismic hazard scenario with an amax = 0.5 g. From these data, a liquefaction hazard map was constructed for the city of Portoviejo, wherein an Fs of 1.169 was obtained. It was determined that strata at a depth of between 8 and 12 m are potentially liquefiable. Our quantitative results demonstrate that the city of Portoviejo’s urban area has a high probability of liquefaction, whereas the area to the southeast of the city is less sensitive to liquefaction phenomena, due to the presence of older sediments. Our results are in accordance with the environmental effects reported in the aftermath of the 2016 earthquake.

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Section: Liquefaction Susceptibility Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Susceptibility to Soil Liquefaction Using the Standard Penetration Test (SPT)—A Case Study from the City of Portoviejo, Coastal Ecuador

Ortiz-Hernández

Chunga

Pastor

et al. 2022

Land

Self Cite

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“…The coast of Ecuador is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, presenting high seismic activity [149], so the study area is exposed to frequent earthquakes with high repercussions on its inhabitants. For example, on 16 April 2016, there was an earthquake in the vicinity of the area, magnitude of Mw = 7.8, and catastrophic consequences [150,151]. Therefore, it is imperative to locate tsunami protection areas in the sector because these events put human lives, infrastructure, and the development of geotourism at risk.…”

Section: Tsunamis Shelter Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Georesources as an Alternative for Sustainable Development in COVID-19 Times—A Study Case in Ecuador

et al. 2022

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Georesources comprise spaces of relevant geological value with the potential to be used and managed as a resource. Therefore, georesources are an essential development factor in the world, mainly oriented to their rational use to improve the quality of life of the surrounding population. This work aims to analyze the main applications, conservation strategies and sustainable use of georesources in the rural area of Manglaralto (Ecuador) through their inventory, assessment and analysis for the adaptation of alternative uses to particular circumstances (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic). The method used consists of four phases: (i) inventory and mapping of georesources; (ii) description and assessment of georesources using international methodologies (e.g., GtRAM for georoute assessment, hydrogeological characterization using GeoModeller for groundwater assessment, GIS tools for assessing materials with industrial–artisanal interest, and KFM matrix method for the assessment of the level of construction difficulty of sanitary landfills); (iii) georesources complementary applications and (iv) SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and TOWS matrix preparation (Threats, Opportunities, Weaknesses, Strengths), seeking strategies to guarantee the viability of the use of georesources. As a main result of the investigation, the geolocation of the georesources of the area was obtained. In addition, the assessment of the main georesources such as (i) potential geosites and sites of geological interest (e.g., beaches, cliffs, waterfalls, capes), (ii) groundwater (aquifers), and (iii) materials with artisanal and industrial interest (e.g., clays, sands). Finally, the study allowed us to define areas to develop landfill infrastructure, identify ecosystem services, and construct tsunami refuge site proposals. The case study addressed shows that the inventory and definition of the use of geological resources constitute a fundamental process for the economic, social, and environmental development of the population.

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“…A study of a 20-year database of co-seismic displacements in Greece has been discussed by Ganas et al [5]. Further progress has been provided by the introduction of In-SAR methods [6] whose main advantage is a dense (periodically every 6-12 days) sampling of the motion on the Earth's surface over a large area [7,8]. In-SAR methods can also detect pre-seismic ground deformation, as demonstrated by Nardo [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Innovative Approach to Accuracy of Co-Seismic Surface Displacement Detection Using Satellite GNSS Technology

2021

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This paper discusses a new method for determining co-seismic displacement using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for the precise detection of positional changes at permanent stations after an earthquake. Positioning by the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method is undertaken using data from the GNSS satellites and one designated station. A time series is processed by an anharmonic analysis before and after an earthquake and these one-day solutions increase the accuracy of measurements. The co-seismic static displacement can be precisely detected from the analysed time series before and after the earthquake, which can be used for the verification of seismic models. Reliability of the estimation of the size of the co-seismic offset is given by the mean square error (RMSE) of the shift. In this study, RMSE was determined by two approaches, initially from variances within PPP processing, and secondly when no positional change from the GNSS before or after the earthquake was assumed. The variance of the data in the time series gives a more realistic estimate of RMSE. This dual approach can affect seismological interpretation due to the need for the interpreting geophysicists to determine which case of co-seismic displacement is more probable for any given locality. The second approach has been shown to provide a more realistic co-seismic displacement accuracy in this study.

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Satellite radar interferometry for assessing coseismic liquefaction in Portoviejo city, induced by the Mw 7.8 2016 Pedernales, Ecuador earthquake

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Assessing Susceptibility to Soil Liquefaction Using the Standard Penetration Test (SPT)—A Case Study from the City of Portoviejo, Coastal Ecuador

Assessing Susceptibility to Soil Liquefaction Using the Standard Penetration Test (SPT)—A Case Study from the City of Portoviejo, Coastal Ecuador

Georesources as an Alternative for Sustainable Development in COVID-19 Times—A Study Case in Ecuador

An Innovative Approach to Accuracy of Co-Seismic Surface Displacement Detection Using Satellite GNSS Technology

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