Abstract:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is significantly causing unprecedented clinical, socioeconomic, and public health challenges globally. The successful global administration of effective, safe and sustainable vaccine(s) is widely believed to be crucial in mitigating as well as preventing COVID-19. However, the rising cases of severe adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with COVID-19 vaccines including thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and in some instances, death have created serious global … Show more
“…Although the rate of allergic reactions for LNP vaccines containing mRNA cargo is generally around 1.31 (95% CI, 0.90-1.84) per million doses, the number of severe immune reactions may be higher with booster doses [117]. LNPs induce inflammation, especially in non-adherent cells, due to the higher availability of cell surface receptors than in adherent cells [118,119].…”
Section: Adverse Effects Associated With Sars-cov-2 Nanoparticle Vacc...mentioning
The ongoing battle against viral infections highlighted so recently by the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates the need to develop new approaches using nanotechnology in antiviral strategies. Nanoparticles have emerged as promising tools in the fight against viral outbreaks, offering various options for application such as biosensors, vaccine nanoparticles, disinfectants, and functionalized nanoparticles. In this comprehensive review, we evaluate the role of nanoparticles in pandemic control, exploring their potential applications, benefits, and associated risks. We first discuss the importance of nanotechnology in viral outbreak management, particularly in vaccine development. Although lipid nanoparticles play a crucial role in mRNA vaccines, there are concerns about their potential side effects. Although functionalization of protective face masks using metallic nanoparticles has emerged as a sustainable alternative to disposable masks, reducing waste production and enhancing virus filtration, improper disposal of such masks leads to environmental contamination and potential ecological harm. Second, we address the potential adverse effects associated with nanoparticle-based vaccines containing polyethylene glycol and other vaccine components, which trigger autoimmune diseases and alter menstrual cycles. To manage outbreaks effectively, we must minimize such potential risks and environmental impacts. Thus, when developing effective strategies for future pandemic control, it is crucial to understand the advantages and challenges associated with nanoparticle usage.
“…Although the rate of allergic reactions for LNP vaccines containing mRNA cargo is generally around 1.31 (95% CI, 0.90-1.84) per million doses, the number of severe immune reactions may be higher with booster doses [117]. LNPs induce inflammation, especially in non-adherent cells, due to the higher availability of cell surface receptors than in adherent cells [118,119].…”
Section: Adverse Effects Associated With Sars-cov-2 Nanoparticle Vacc...mentioning
The ongoing battle against viral infections highlighted so recently by the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates the need to develop new approaches using nanotechnology in antiviral strategies. Nanoparticles have emerged as promising tools in the fight against viral outbreaks, offering various options for application such as biosensors, vaccine nanoparticles, disinfectants, and functionalized nanoparticles. In this comprehensive review, we evaluate the role of nanoparticles in pandemic control, exploring their potential applications, benefits, and associated risks. We first discuss the importance of nanotechnology in viral outbreak management, particularly in vaccine development. Although lipid nanoparticles play a crucial role in mRNA vaccines, there are concerns about their potential side effects. Although functionalization of protective face masks using metallic nanoparticles has emerged as a sustainable alternative to disposable masks, reducing waste production and enhancing virus filtration, improper disposal of such masks leads to environmental contamination and potential ecological harm. Second, we address the potential adverse effects associated with nanoparticle-based vaccines containing polyethylene glycol and other vaccine components, which trigger autoimmune diseases and alter menstrual cycles. To manage outbreaks effectively, we must minimize such potential risks and environmental impacts. Thus, when developing effective strategies for future pandemic control, it is crucial to understand the advantages and challenges associated with nanoparticle usage.
“…Most of the patients detected anti-PSA immune response, especially the increase in the proportion of PSA-specific T cells (148). Of course, the use of viral vaccines may be accompanied by adverse events associated with them (149), including mild adverse reactions (local pain, swelling or induration and systemic fever) and severe adverse reactions (thrombosis and/or allergies) (150,151). However, with the application of covid-19 adenovirus vaccine, biosafety problems may be forced to be solved, which may promote the development of viral vaccines.…”
Section: Microbial Immunotherapy For Prostate Cancermentioning
Although the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer have gradually begun to decline in the past few years, it is still one of the leading causes of death from malignant tumors in the world. The occurrence and development of prostate cancer are affected by race, family history, microenvironment, and other factors. In recent decades, more and more studies have confirmed that prostate microflora in the tumor microenvironment may play an important role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of prostate cancer. Microorganisms or their metabolites may affect the occurrence and metastasis of cancer cells or regulate anti-cancer immune surveillance. In addition, the use of tumor microenvironment bacteria in interventional targeting therapy of tumors also shows a unique advantage. In this review, we introduce the pathway of microbiota into prostate cancer, focusing on the mechanism of microorganisms in tumorigenesis and development, as well as the prospect and significance of microorganisms as tumor biomarkers and tumor prevention and treatment.
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