SARS-CoV-2 reinfection caused by the P.1 lineage in Araraquara city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant in Southern Brazil and reinfection of the same patient by P.2

“…P.1 (VOC), recently named as Gamma variant by the newly WHO nomenclature proposal 5 as well as P.2 (VOI) variants have evolved from the lineage B.1.1.28 1 , 2 and harbor E484K (P.1 and P.2) and N501Y (P.1) mutations, which are associated with increased transmissibility or immune evasion 6 . The persistence of protective immunity provided by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or vaccination is not yet well established and some cases of reinfection have been reported 7 , 8 .…”

Update on geographical variation and distribution of SARS-nCoV-2: A systematic review

“…[ 39 ] In the comparative study, the Glycine 614 was found to be more efficient than aspartic acid 614 in D614G mutations of spike proteins. [ 12 40 ] Mutations in P. 1 lineage (K417T, E484K, and N501Y) that is also referred to as Gamma strain of SARS-CoV-2 which are reported in Brazil and Italy,[ 23 26 27 29 ] B.1.351 (Beta strain) with mutation on the position of K417N, E484K, and N501Y are found in Africa, Italy,[ 34 ] and France. [ 24 ] In South Africa, B.1.351 major outbreak variants of novel coronavirus were found.…”

Present variants of concern and variants of interest of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: Their significant mutations in S‐glycoprotein, infectivity, re‐infectivity, immune escape and vaccines activity

“…noted the re‐infection cases by the P.1 variants in São Paulo city of Brazil. 48 At the same time, four re‐infection cases by the B.1.351 were recorded in Luxembourg. 44 Researchers reported that a higher transmission rate was noted in B.1.1.7 with 43%–82%.…”

“…47 The variant is also accountable for the re‐infection of the São Paulo State. 48 The variant got transmitted outside Brazil and circulated in different countries throughout the world. Di Giallonardo et al.…”