SARS-CoV-2 journey to the brain with a focus on potential role of docosahexaenoic acid bioactive lipid mediators

Hachem, Mayssa

doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2021.02.012

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore SARS-CoV-2 activates sterol receptor element binding proteins [55] and omega-3 PUFAs may www.co-clinicalnutrition.com counteract this. Omega-3 PUFAs have been also hypothesized to improve neurological symptoms of COVID-19 such as headache, nausea, vomiting and other neurological disorders, again with SPMs being implicated in the proposed benefits [56].…”

Section: Mechanistic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the intensive care unit

Singer¹,

Calder

2023

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of reviewThis review provides an update on the actions of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and presents the most recent findings from trials in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting including relevant meta-analyses. Many specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are produced from bioactive omega-3 PUFAs and may explain many of the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs, although other mechanisms of action of omega-3 PUFAs are being uncovered. Recent findingsSPMs resolve inflammation, promote healing and support antiinfection activities of the immune system. Since publication of the ESPEN guidelines, numerous studies further support the use of omega-3 PUFAs. Recent meta-analyses favor the inclusion of omega-3 PUFAs in nutrition support of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome or sepsis. Recent trials indicate that omega-3 PUFAs may protect against delirium and liver dysfunction in patients in the ICU, although effects on muscle loss are unclear and require further investigation. Critical illness may alter omega-3 PUFA turnover. There has been significant discussion about the potential for omega-3 PUFAs and SPMs in treatment of coronavirus disease 2019.

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Section: Mechanistic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the intensive care unit

Singer¹,

Calder

2023

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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“…Neuroanatomic interconnections indicate that the death of infected animals or patients may be due to the dysfunction of the cardiorespiratory center in the brainstem [ 103 ]. It was suggested that lipids may play a role in SARS-CoV-2 in brain [ 203 ]. However, there are no data to support any mechanism for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in brain.…”

Section: How Sars-cov-2 Could Spread Within the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2: is there neuroinvasion?

McQuaid

Brady

Deane

2021

Fluids Barriers CNS

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Background SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus (CoV), is known to cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, and a number of non-respiratory complications, particularly in older male patients with prior health conditions, such as obesity, diabetes and hypertension. These prior health conditions are associated with vascular dysfunction, and the CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19) complications include multiorgan failure and neurological problems. While the main route of entry into the body is inhalation, this virus has been found in many tissues, including the choroid plexus and meningeal vessels, and in neurons and CSF. Main body We reviewed SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19, ACE2 distribution and beneficial effects, the CNS vascular barriers, possible mechanisms by which the virus enters the brain, outlined prior health conditions (obesity, hypertension and diabetes), neurological COVID-19 manifestation and the aging cerebrovascualture. The overall aim is to provide the general reader with a breadth of information on this type of virus and the wide distribution of its main receptor so as to better understand the significance of neurological complications, uniqueness of the brain, and the pre-existing medical conditions that affect brain. The main issue is that there is no sound evidence for large flux of SARS-CoV-2 into brain, at present, compared to its invasion of the inhalation pathways. Conclusions While SARS-CoV-2 is detected in brains from severely infected patients, it is unclear on how it gets there. There is no sound evidence of SARS-CoV-2 flux into brain to significantly contribute to the overall outcomes once the respiratory system is invaded by the virus. The consensus, based on the normal route of infection and presence of SARS-CoV-2 in severely infected patients, is that the olfactory mucosa is a possible route into brain. Studies are needed to demonstrate flux of SARS-CoV-2 into brain, and its replication in the parenchyma to demonstrate neuroinvasion. It is possible that the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are a consequence of mainly cardio-respiratory distress and multiorgan failure. Understanding potential SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion pathways could help to better define the non-respiratory neurological manifestation of COVID-19.

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Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) tuber: A novel and promising feedstock for enhanced high-value docosahexaenoic acid production by Schizochytrium sp.

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Industrial Crops and Products

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SARS-CoV-2 journey to the brain with a focus on potential role of docosahexaenoic acid bioactive lipid mediators

Cited by 4 publications

References 91 publications

The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the intensive care unit

The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the intensive care unit

SARS-CoV-2: is there neuroinvasion?

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) tuber: A novel and promising feedstock for enhanced high-value docosahexaenoic acid production by Schizochytrium sp.

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