SARS-CoV-2 and cardiovascular complications: From molecular mechanisms to pharmaceutical management

Wu, Lin; O'Kane, Aislinn M.; Hu, Ping; Bi, Yaguang; Motriuk-Smith, Dagmara; Ren, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114114

Cited by 110 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Complications associated with COVID-19 include acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute heart injury, acute kidney damage and hepatic impairment [ 15 , 16 , 47 ]. Moreover, changes have been observed in the clotting system such as disseminated endovascular coagulopathy (DIC) as well as decreased platelet count, prolonged prothrombin time (PT), increased D-dimer levels and increased fibrinogen concentrations [ 15 , 17 , 48 , 49 ]. Additionally, there are reports of a possible increase in clotting factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels [ 17 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Practical Recommendations for Treatment of Dental Patients with Congenital Bleeding Disorders during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review

Czajkowska

Rupa‐Matysek

Gil

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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At the end of 2019, a new disease—COVID-19—was identified, and a few months later, the World Health Organization announced a pandemic. It is now known that SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious and most confirmed infections are mild to moderate. The situation is particularly difficult for dentists due to the high risk of virus transmission in the dental surgery. Complications including, but not limited to, problems with the respiratory and cardiovascular systems have been reported in patients with SARS-CoV-2. Several changes in the coagulation system, such as lower platelet numbers or increased prothrombin time, as well as increased D-dimer and fibrinogen, were observed. This review is intended to systematize the knowledge on the treatment of patients with congenital bleeding disorders (CBD) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Extensive literature research was conducted into COVID-19 and the general medical and dental treatment of patients with CBD. Case studies, research results and recommendations of international societies were used in the study. The results of this research are presented in the form of recommendations for the treatment of patients with coagulopathies. It should be remembered that the impact of COVID-19 on the health condition of patients with CBD is unknown to date.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, exercise is an antithrombotic prophylaxis. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to increase the risk of venous thromboembolism [ 48 ]. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection on patients with CBD is unknown, therefore it is assumed that this group of patients is not protected against thromboembolic or cardiovascular complications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Recommendations for Treatment of Dental Patients with Congenital Bleeding Disorders during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review

Czajkowska

Rupa‐Matysek

Gil

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although it is not possible to state whether the cardiovascular implications observed in COVID-19 derive from previous conditions or depend solely on the coronavirus-associated damages, it is reasonable to assume a causal link. From a molecular point of view, the upregulation of ACE2 in some cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease or diabetes mellitus (Zisman et al, 2003), may certainly expose the sick individuals who contract the coronavirus to poorer prognosis (Wu et al, 2020b). The subsequent binding and downregulation of ACE2 expression by SARS-CoV-2 further prevent the conversion of angiotensin II, thus worsening pulmonary and cardiovascular outcomes (Datta et al, 2020).…”

Section: Preexisting Cardiovascular Conditions As Virulence Factor: Imentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Aiming for the Heart: A Multicenter Italian Perspective About Cardiovascular Issues in COVID-19

et al. 2020

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“…SDF-1 is a potent chemoattractant for leukocytes 59 , but has also been implicated in cardiac stress signaling and repair mechanisms [60][61][62] . Given increasing reports of cardiac disease concurrent with, or following SARS-CoV-2 infection 63,64 , the increase in SDF-1 may be an indirect indicator of cardiac distress. Separately, we discovered increased eotaxin production in SARS-CoV-2 patients.…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay of antibody and cytokine production reveals CXCL-13 as a potential novel biomarker of lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection

Horspool

Kieffer

Russ

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is continuing to impact the global population. This study was designed to assess the interplay of antibodies with the systemic cytokine response in SARS-CoV-2 patients. We demonstrate that significant anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody production to Receptor Binding Domain (RBD), Nucleocapsid (N), and Spike S1 subunit (S1) of SARS-CoV-2 develops over the first 10 to 20 days of infection. The majority of patients produced antibodies against all three antigens (219/255 SARS-CoV-2 positive patient specimens, 86%) suggesting a broad response to viral proteins. Patient mortality, sex, blood type, and age were all associated with differences in antibody production to SARS-CoV-2 antigens which may help explain variation in immunity between these populations. To better understand the systemic immune response, we analyzed the production of 20 cytokines by SARS-CoV-2 patients over the course of infection. Cytokine analysis of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients exhibited increases in proinflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18) and chemotactic markers (IP-10, SDF-1, MIP-1β, MCP-1, and eotaxin) relative to healthy individuals. Patients who succumbed to infection produced decreased IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IL-13, RANTES, TNF-α, GRO-α, and MIP-1α relative to patients who survived infection. We also observed that the chemokine CXCL13 was particularly elevated in patients that succumbed to infection. CXCL13 is involved in B cell activation, germinal center development, and antibody maturation, and we observed that CXCL13 levels in blood trended with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody production. Furthermore, patients that succumbed to infection produced high CXCL13 and also tended to have high ratio of nucleocapsid to RBD antibodies. This study provides insights into SARS-CoV-2 immunity implicating the magnitude and specificity of response in relation to patient outcomes.

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SARS-CoV-2 and cardiovascular complications: From molecular mechanisms to pharmaceutical management

Cited by 110 publications

References 83 publications

Practical Recommendations for Treatment of Dental Patients with Congenital Bleeding Disorders during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review

Practical Recommendations for Treatment of Dental Patients with Congenital Bleeding Disorders during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review

SARS-CoV-2 Aiming for the Heart: A Multicenter Italian Perspective About Cardiovascular Issues in COVID-19

Interplay of antibody and cytokine production reveals CXCL-13 as a potential novel biomarker of lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection

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