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2006
DOI: 10.1042/cs20050188
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SARS: clinical presentation, transmission, pathogenesis and treatment options

Abstract: SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) appeared as the first emerging infectious disease of this century. It is fortunate that the culprit virus can be grown without much difficulty from a commonly used cell line, allowing an unlimited supply of isolates for further molecular studies and leading to the development of sensitive diagnostic assays. How the virus has successfully jumped the species barrier is still a mystery. The superspreading events that occurred within hospital, hotel and high-density housing… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(60 citation statements)
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References 144 publications
(209 reference statements)
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“…7,47,65e67 However, the importance of indirect contact transmission (contact transmission involving contaminated surfaces; Figure 1) in the spread of respiratory viruses, including influenza, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, compared with other transmission routes is uncertain. 6e8, 68 For contaminated surfaces to play a role in transmission, a respiratory pathogen must be shed into the environment, have the capacity to survive on surfaces, transfer to hands or other equipment at a concentration above the infectious dose, and be able to initiate infection through contact with the eyes, nose or mouth. 11 Human coronaviruses and influenza are shed in respiratory secretions.…”
Section: Importance Of Contaminated Surfaces In Transmissionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…7,47,65e67 However, the importance of indirect contact transmission (contact transmission involving contaminated surfaces; Figure 1) in the spread of respiratory viruses, including influenza, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, compared with other transmission routes is uncertain. 6e8, 68 For contaminated surfaces to play a role in transmission, a respiratory pathogen must be shed into the environment, have the capacity to survive on surfaces, transfer to hands or other equipment at a concentration above the infectious dose, and be able to initiate infection through contact with the eyes, nose or mouth. 11 Human coronaviruses and influenza are shed in respiratory secretions.…”
Section: Importance Of Contaminated Surfaces In Transmissionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Determining which route is most important is challenging, but it seems that direct contact, indirect contact, droplet and airborne transmission do occur with both SARS-CoV and influenza viruses on occasion. 8,68 Few data are available evaluating transmission routes for coronaviruses, but the relative importance of the various routes for influenza virus has been evaluated through mathematical models, animal models, and intervention studies. 9,93,94 Several mathematical models have been applied to SARS transmission, but none has considered an environmental route.…”
Section: Importance Of Contaminated Surfaces In Transmissionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Erst als die virale Pathogenese rasch bestätigt werden konnte, gelang es durch stringente Anwendung und stetige Verbesserung von Infektionskontrollmaßnahmen, eine weitere Ausbreitung von SARS zu verhindern und die Krankheit schließlich zu beherrschen [65]. Trotz aller heute verfügbaren virologischen Tests sind die wichtigsten Schritte Wachsamkeit, frühzeitige Erkennung und sofortige Isolierung von Verdachtsfällen durch Mitarbeiter des Gesundheitswesens [6]. Zu berücksichtigen ist ferner, dass eine etablierte Therapie nicht zur Verfü-gung steht und eine prophylaktische Schutzimpfung noch nicht zur Anwendung beim Menschen zugelassen ist.…”
Section: Schlussfolgerungunclassified
“…Deshalb sind eine gute Vorbereitung und Planung einschließlich der Entwicklung effektiver Vakzinen und antiviraler Substanzen gegen das SARSCoV ebenso wie Krisenpläne zur Krankenhausbehandlung von Patienten erforderlich, um gegen einen erneuten Ausbruch von SARS gewappnet zu sein [57,66,67]. Die SARS-Krise hat den Gesundheitssystemen der Welt viel Erfahrung eingebracht und Lehren vermittelt, die hilfreich sein werden, wiederkehrende oder neue virale Infektionen rasch zu erkennen, einzudämmen und zu besiegen [6].…”
Section: Schlussfolgerungunclassified
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