Sarcopenic Dysphagia as a New Concept

Sakai, Kotomi; Sakuma, Kunihiro

doi:10.5772/intechopen.68791

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, decreased lip strength has been suggested to occur due to sarcopenia and to be related to difficulties in eating and drinking (i.e., dysphagia) [117]. Lip force has been associated with hand grip strength and lip pendency has been associated with aging [117,124].…”

Section: Sarcopenia and Oral Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, since it has been shown that skeletal muscle mass and strength decline may affect both swallowing and general muscle groups, a new condition, called "sarcopenic dysphagia" has been coined [22,124,125]. Swallowing muscles are characterized by a high percentage of type II fibers, which are more easily affected by malnutrition and sarcopenia than type I muscle fibers [22].…”

Section: Sarcopenia and Oral Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poor Oral Health as a Determinant of Malnutrition and Sarcopenia

et al. 2019

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Aging is accompanied by profound changes in many physiological functions, leading to a decreased ability to cope with stressors. Many changes are subtle, but can negatively affect nutrient intake, leading to overt malnutrition. Poor oral health may affect food selection and nutrient intake, leading to malnutrition and, consequently, to frailty and sarcopenia. On the other hand, it has been highlighted that sarcopenia is a whole-body process also affecting muscles dedicated to chewing and swallowing. Hence, muscle decline of these muscle groups may also have a negative impact on nutrient intake, increasing the risk for malnutrition. The interplay between oral diseases and malnutrition with frailty and sarcopenia may be explained through biological and environmental factors that are linked to the common burden of inflammation and oxidative stress. The presence of oral problems, alone or in combination with sarcopenia, may thus represent the biological substratum of the disabling cascade experienced by many frail individuals. A multimodal and multidisciplinary approach, including personalized dietary counselling and oral health care, may thus be helpful to better manage the complexity of older people. Furthermore, preventive strategies applied throughout the lifetime could help to preserve both oral and muscle function later in life. Here, we provide an overview on the relevance of poor oral health as a determinant of malnutrition and sarcopenia.

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Section: Sarcopenia and Oral Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sarcopenia and Oral Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor Oral Health as a Determinant of Malnutrition and Sarcopenia

et al. 2019

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“…Dysphagia can be a result of behavioral, sensory, or motor problems (or a combination of these) and is common in individuals with neurologic disease and dementia. Also, studies showed that the weakening of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) might be associated with swallowing impairment, and recently this condition is described as sarcopenic dysphagia . Elderly subjects with both sarcopenia and dysphagia may have not only disease‐related dysphagia but also sarcopenic dysphagia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, studies showed that the weakening of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) might be associated with swallowing impairment, and recently this condition is described as sarcopenic dysphagia. 3 Elderly subjects with both sarcopenia and dysphagia may have not only disease-related dysphagia but also sarcopenic dysphagia. The prevalence of swallowing disorders in older individuals ranges from 13% to 38%, and a few studies reported the prevalence of sarcopenic dysphagia to be between 30% and 42.2%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of Dysphagia Screening in Alzheimer's Dementia

Özsürekçi

Arslan

Demir

et al. 2019

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Background Dysphagia is an important and frequent symptom in Alzheimer's dementia (AD). We hypothesized that dysphagia could be seen in the early stages of AD and sarcopenia presence rather than the severity of the AD affecting dysphagia. The main aim of this study was to investigate swallowing functions in AD patients according to stages. The second aim was to investigate the correlation between sarcopenia and dysphagia in AD. Methods This study involved 76 probable AD patients. For all participants, diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on definitions from the revised version of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People at 2018. Dysphagia symptom severity was evaluated by the Turkish version of the Eating Assessment Tool, a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) was performed for instrumental evaluation of swallowing. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale as CDR 1 (mild dementia), CDR 2 (moderate dementia), and CDR 3 (severe dementia). Swallowing evaluation parameters were analyzed between these groups. Results Mean age was 78.9 ± 6.4 years, and 56.4% were female. Twenty‐six patients had mild dementia, 31 patients had moderate dementia, 19 patients had severe dementia (CDR 3). We found that sarcopenia rates were similar between AD stages according to CDR in our study population and dysphagia could be seen in every stage of AD. In a multivariate analysis, polypharmacy and sarcopenia were found to be independently associated factors for dysphagia, irrespective of stage of AD (OR: 6.1, CI: 1.57‐23.9, P = 0.009; OR: 4.9, CI: 1.24‐19.6, P = 0.023, respectively). Conclusion Aspirations may be subtle so that AD patients and caregivers may not be aware of swallowing difficulties. Therefore, all AD patients, especially those who have polypharmacy and/or sarcopenia (probable‐sarcopenia‐severe sarcopenia), should be screened for dysphagia in every stage.

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“…Los cambios característicos en los músculos para tragar ocurren principalmente en los músculos orales y faríngeos junto con otros factores asociados 29 . Un metaanálisis sobre la neumonía por aspiración en personas mayores frágiles reveló que la disfagia es un factor de riesgo significativo para la neumonía por aspiración 30 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Asociación entre Sarcopenia y Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en adultos mayores de un hospital del Callao, Perú entre el año 2010 al 2015

Vega¹,

Venegas²

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Introduction: Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome with a prevalence of up to 50% which increases the risk of mortality and nosocomial infections like community-acquired pneumonia, the first infectious-related cause of death in elderly people. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in older adults with sarcopenia in a Peruvian hospital. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the geriatrics service of Centro Medico Naval "Cirujano Mayor Santiago Tavara". Sarcopenia was defined by "European Consensus of Sarcopenia" criteria and community-acquired pneumonia was defined by the diagnosis in the medical record with International Classification of Diseases 10 th) ICD-10. The relative risk (RR) for the variables was used as a measure of association. Finally, the association between sarcopenia and pneumonia was estimated by bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression. Results: A total of 1598 subjects were enrolled, 59.0% were male; with a mean age of 78.3 ± 8.6 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 15.1% (95% CI: 13.3-16.8) and the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in sarcopenic was 44%; instead in no sarcopenic was 10%. In the multivariate model, we found a higher incidence of pneumonia in sarcopenic compared to non-sarcopenic, RR(a) 3.88 (95% CI: 2.82-5.33). Conclusion: Our study showed a more risk of community-acquired pneumonia in a group of sarcopenics in Peru.

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Sarcopenic Dysphagia as a New Concept

Cited by 13 publications

References 99 publications

Poor Oral Health as a Determinant of Malnutrition and Sarcopenia

Poor Oral Health as a Determinant of Malnutrition and Sarcopenia

Timing of Dysphagia Screening in Alzheimer's Dementia

Asociación entre Sarcopenia y Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en adultos mayores de un hospital del Callao, Perú entre el año 2010 al 2015

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