Introduction: Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome with a prevalence of up to 50% which increases the risk of mortality and nosocomial infections like community-acquired pneumonia, the first infectious-related cause of death in elderly people. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in older adults with sarcopenia in a Peruvian hospital. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the geriatrics service of Centro Medico Naval "Cirujano Mayor Santiago Tavara". Sarcopenia was defined by "European Consensus of Sarcopenia" criteria and community-acquired pneumonia was defined by the diagnosis in the medical record with International Classification of Diseases 10 th) ICD-10. The relative risk (RR) for the variables was used as a measure of association. Finally, the association between sarcopenia and pneumonia was estimated by bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression. Results: A total of 1598 subjects were enrolled, 59.0% were male; with a mean age of 78.3 ± 8.6 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 15.1% (95% CI: 13.3-16.8) and the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in sarcopenic was 44%; instead in no sarcopenic was 10%. In the multivariate model, we found a higher incidence of pneumonia in sarcopenic compared to non-sarcopenic, RR(a) 3.88 (95% CI: 2.82-5.33). Conclusion: Our study showed a more risk of community-acquired pneumonia in a group of sarcopenics in Peru.
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