Sarcopenia Definitions as Predictors of Fracture Risk Independent of FRAX®, Falls, and BMD in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study: A Meta-Analysis

Harvey, Nicholas C.; Orwoll, Eric S.; Kwok, Timothy; Karlsson, Magnus K.; Rosengren, Björn; Ribom, Eva; Cauley, Jane A.; Cawthon, Peggy M.; Ensrud, Kristine E.; Liu, Enwu; Cruz-Jentoft, A.J.; Fielding, Roger A.; Cooper, Cyrus; Kanis, John А.; Lorentzon, Mattias; Ohlsson, Claes; Mellström, Dan; Johansson, Helena; McCloskey, Eugène

doi:10.1002/jbmr.4293

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This should result in lower prevalence of sarcopenia, especially in men, that are separate from changes in operational definition. Consequently, most studies report that more individuals are classified as sarcopenic according to EWGSOP1 than according to EWGSOP2 with a difference around 2–6% (range − 2 to 20%) [ 8 , 9 , 11 – 14 , 16 – 20 , 34 , 35 ]. Most studies have also found limited agreement between EWGSOP1 and 2 [ 8 , 10 , 14 – 21 ], while others have found a fair to good agreement [ 9 , 11 – 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the 2010 and 2019 diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) in two cohorts of Swedish older adults

et al. 2021

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Background The operational definition of sarcopenia has been updated (EWGSOP2) and apply different cut-off points compared to previous criteria (EWGSOP1). Therefore, we aim to compare the sarcopenia prevalence and the association with mortality and dependence in activities of daily living using the 2010 (EWGSOP1 and 2019 (EWGSOP2 operational definition, applying cut-offs at two levels using T-scores. Methods Two birth cohorts, 70 and 85-years-old (n = 884 and n = 157, respectively), were assessed cross-sectionally (57% women). Low grip strength, low muscle mass and slow gait speed were defined below − 2.0 and − 2.5 SD from a young reference population (T-score). Muscle mass was defined as appendicular lean soft tissue index by DXA. The EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 were applied and compared with McNemar tests and Cohen’s kappa. All-cause mortality was analyzed with the Cox-proportional hazard model. Results Sarcopenia prevalence was 1.4–7.8% in 70-year-olds and 42–62% in 85 years-old’s, depending on diagnostic criteria. Overall, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 0.9–1.0 percentage points lower using the EWGSOP2 compared to EWGSOP1 when applying uniform T-score cut-offs (P < 0.005). The prevalence was doubled (15.0 vs. 7.5%) using the − 2.0 vs. -2.5 T-scores with EWGSOP2 in the whole sample. The increase in prevalence when changing the cut-offs was 5.7% (P < 0.001) in the 70-year-olds and 17.8% (P < 0.001) in the 85-year-olds (EWGSP2). Sarcopenia with cut-offs at − 2.5 T-score was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio 2.4–2.8, P < 0.05) but not at T-score − 2.0. Conclusions The prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in 85-year-olds compared to 70-year-olds. Overall, the differences between the EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 classifications are small. Meaningful differences between EWGSOP1 and 2 in the 85-year-olds could not be ruled out. Prevalence was more dependent on cut-offs than on the operational definition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the 2010 and 2019 diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) in two cohorts of Swedish older adults

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, sarcopenia is known to be a risk factor for femoral neck fracture because of the increased risk of falling [ 54 , 55 ] and the greater impact on the femur bone during a fall caused by the loss of cushioning provided by the gluteus maximus muscle [ 56 ]. Furthermore, HD patients with sarcopenia exhibit a higher risk of falling-induced fragility fractures [ 45 , 57 ]. Therefore, CKD should be regarded as a condition that increases the risk of femoral fracture due to the frequent occurrence of sarcopenia in affected individuals.…”

Section: Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia In Hd Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Considering Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in Order to Improve the QOL of Elderly Hemodialysis Patients in Japan in the Era of 100-Year Life

Inaba

Okuno

Ohno³

2021

Nutrients

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In the current aging society of Japan, malnutrition and resultant sarcopenia have been widely identified as important symptomatic indicators of ill health and can cause impairments of longevity and quality of life in older individuals. Elderly individuals are recommended to have sufficient calorie and protein intake so as to enjoy a satisfactory quality of life, including maintaining activities of daily living in order to avoid emaciation and sarcopenia. The prevalence of emaciation and sarcopenia in elderly hemodialysis (HD) patients in Japan is higher than in non-HD elderly subjects due to the presence of malnutrition and sarcopenia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, comorbidities, such as diabetes and osteoporosis, induce malnutrition and sarcopenia in HD patients. This review presents findings regarding the mechanisms of the development of these early symptomatic conditions and their significance for impaired QOL and increased mortality in elderly HD patients.

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“…Estimates that reached statistical significance are highlighted in bold. We identified one large cohort 19 including 10 411 men in three countries (United States, Sweden, and China) that reported results of totally 40 validity tests of different sarcopenia definitions on different types of fractures ( Table 2). Thereby, the SDOC definition showed the strongest association to all four types of fractures (overall fractures, major osteoporotic fractures, osteoporotic fractures, and hip fractures).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive validity of current sarcopenia definitions (EWGSOP2, SDOC, and AWGS2) for clinical outcomes: A scoping review

Stuck

Basile

Freystätter

et al. 2022

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Over the last 3 years new definitions of sarcopenia by the Sarcopenia Definition and Outcome Consortium (2020, SDOC), European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (2019, EWGSOP2) and Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (2019, AWGS2) have been proposed. The objective of this scoping review was to explore predictive validity of these current sarcopenia definitions for clinical outcomes. We followed the PRISMA checklist for scoping reviews. Based on a systematic search performed by two independent reviewers of databases (Pubmed and Embase) articles comparing predictive validity of two or more sarcopenia definitions on prospective clinical outcomes published since January 2019 (the year these definitions were introduced) were included. Data were extracted and results collated by clinical outcomes and by sarcopenia definitions, respectively. Of 4493 articles screened, 11 studies (mean age of participants 77.6 (SD 5.7) years and 50.0% female) comprising 82 validity tests were included. Overall, validity tests on the following categories of clinical outcomes were performed: fracture (n = 40, assessed in one study), mortality (n = 18), function (n = 11), institutionalization (n = 7), falls (n = 4), and hospitalization (n = 2). Thereby, EWGSOP2 was investigated in 15 validity tests (18.3%) on all categories of clinical outcomes, whereas SDOC was investigated in four validity tests (4.9%) in one study on fractures in men only, and none of the validity tests investigated predictive validity by the AWGS2. However, we were not able to pool the data using a meta‐analytic approach due to important methodological heterogeneity between the studies. We identified various definitions of clinical outcomes that were used to test predictive validity of sarcopenia definitions suggesting that an agreement on an operational definition of a clinical outcome is key to advance in the field of sarcopenia. Moreover, data on predictive validity using the sarcopenia definitions by the SDOC and AWGS2 are still scarce and lacking, respectively. In a next step, prospective studies including both women and men are needed to compare predictive validity of current sarcopenia definitions on defined key clinical outcomes.

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Sarcopenia Definitions as Predictors of Fracture Risk Independent of FRAX®, Falls, and BMD in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study: A Meta-Analysis

Cited by 43 publications

References 50 publications

Comparison of the 2010 and 2019 diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) in two cohorts of Swedish older adults

Comparison of the 2010 and 2019 diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) in two cohorts of Swedish older adults

Importance of Considering Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in Order to Improve the QOL of Elderly Hemodialysis Patients in Japan in the Era of 100-Year Life

Predictive validity of current sarcopenia definitions (EWGSOP2, SDOC, and AWGS2) for clinical outcomes: A scoping review

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