Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) Criteria are Strongly Associated With Malnutrition, Depression, Falls, and Fractures in High-Risk Older Persons

Kirk, Ben; Zanker, Jesse; Hassan, Ebrahim Bani; Bird, Stefanie; Brennan-Olsen, Sharon; Duque, Gustavo

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2020.06.050

Cited by 66 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It has been suggested to start treatment as soon as possible in older adults with depression and/or malnutrition [46,47]. Several studies have indicated that depression was a major factor contributing to weight loss in older adults and malnourished patients had higher depression scores [5,48]. When we compare our research with studies investigating the relationship between sarcopenia and depression, an association was found between depression and sarcopenia in those with a similar mean age and community-dwelling as in our study [5,14,16,18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Clarifying the relationship between sarcopenia and depression in geriatric outpatients

et al. 2021

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Objective: We investigate the relationship between sarcopenia components and depression in geriatric outpatients, considering the effects of potential confounding factors. Methods: Adults !60 years of age were selected from outpatient clinics. Muscle strength was assessed using handgrip strength (HGS) measured using a hydraulic hand dynamometer and chair stand test (CSST). Physical performance was evaluated by usual gait speed (UGS), nutritional status, and frailty were screened by mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) questionnaire and FRAIL scale. Depression was diagnosed through a psychiatric interview and the administration of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: Participants with depression were similar to participants without depression regarding age (p ¼ .055), education (p ¼ .095), frailty (p ¼ .857), and HGS scores (p ¼ .053). The group with depression had longer CSST duration (p ¼ .023), slower UGS (p ¼ .027), and more malnutrition (p ¼ .001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that only the malnutrition was independently associated factor with depression after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusions: Depression is associated with malnutrition and some components of sarcopenia in geriatric outpatients. Our results revealed that sarcopenia might be associated with depression through malnutrition. If malnutrition lasts for a long time, sarcopenia may become evident in the later stages of depression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Clarifying the relationship between sarcopenia and depression in geriatric outpatients

et al. 2021

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“…The prevalence of sarcopenia depends on the setting and the definition used. According to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria, the prevalence of sarcopenia is approximately 14.9-32.2% in community-dwelling populations and 45.5-61.1% in clinic or hospital populations [4][5][6][7]. With aging populations, sarcopenia is likely to become a much more widespread public health concern worldwide in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional status mediates the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment: findings from the WCHAT study

Jia

et al. 2021

Aging Clin Exp Res

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Background Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Aim To explore the mediating role of nutritional status in the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. Methods Three thousand eight hundred and ten participants (mean age 61.94 ± 8.01 years) from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study were included. We defined sarcopenia using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Cognitive status and nutritional status were measured using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Relationships between sarcopenia, nutritional status, and cognitive function were explored using multiple linear regression. Two mediation models were generated to examine whether nutritional status mediates the association between sarcopenia and cognitive function using PROCESS macro version 3.5. ResultsThe study involved 3147 (82.6%) non-sarcopenic, 387 (10.2%) sarcopenic, and 276 (7.2%) severely sarcopenic individuals. In mediation model 1, sarcopenia (β = 0.208, 95% CI 0.072 to 0.344, P = 0.0028) was significantly associated with cognitive impairment, and nutritional status mediated this association (indirect effect = 0.162, bootstrap 95% CI 0.116 to 0.212). Mediation model 2 indicated that nutritional status exhibited a full mediating effect regarding the association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment (indirect effect = 0.131, bootstrap 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.188; direct effect = 0.046, bootstrap 95% CI − 0.115 to 0.21) and a partial mediating effect regarding the association between severe sarcopenia and cognitive impairment (indirect effect = 0.21, bootstrap 95% CI: 0.143 to 0.283; direct effect = 0.476, bootstrap 95% CI: 0.234-0.724). Conclusions The relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment was significantly mediated by nutritional status. Early nutritional interventions may prevent cognitive decline in sarcopenic older adults.

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“…Two of the included studies found that the associations were evident in women but not men, 21,23 confirming previously observed sex dimorphism 28 and found in our study. A more recent study of men and women attending a falls and fracture clinic in Australia reported that individuals with sarcopenia according to SDOC criteria for low HGS and slow gait speed were four‐fold more likely to have depressive symptoms 29 . Taken together, most associations were consistent even though the studies differed with respect to geographical locations, age ranges, and research methodologies, particularly for assessing depressive symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Operational definitions of sarcopenia should consider depressive symptoms

Pasco

Sui

West

et al. 2021

JCSM Clinical Reports

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BackgroundOriginally, sarcopenia meant ‘poverty of flesh’, but recent operational definitions have brought poor muscle function to the fore. None has considered psychological well‐being. We compared muscle function components of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People Version 2 (EWGSOP2), the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), and the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) algorithms for individuals with and without depressive and anxiety symptoms.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study involved 348 women and 343 men (ages 60–96 years) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores for depression and anxiety ≥8 indicated depressive and anxiety symptoms. Measures included handgrip strength (HGS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Chi‐squared test identified inter‐group differences, and multivariable logistic regression identified poor muscle function in association with depressive or anxiety symptoms.ResultsTwenty‐nine (8.3%) women and 28 (8.2%) men had depressive symptoms, and 83 (23.9%) women and 41 (12.0%) men had anxiety symptoms. For women, proportions with low HGS were greater for those with vs. without depressive symptoms according to EWGSOP2 and FNIH (37.9% vs. 10.7%) and SDOC (51.7% vs. 26.7%); low HGS/body mass index (44.8% vs. 15.7%); and slow TUG (12.5% vs. 1.4%) (all P ≤ 0.011). In age‐adjusted models, women with depressive symptoms were two‐fold to five‐fold more likely to have low HGS by EWGSOP2 and FNIH {odds ratio [OR] 4.77 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.83–12.45]} and SDOC [OR 2.59 (95% CI 1.10–6.07)], low HGS/body mass index [OR 3.92 (95% CI 1.69–9.07)], and 11‐fold more likely to have a slow TUG [OR 10.99 (95% CI 2.03–59.7)]. For men, a difference for low HGS for those with depressive symptoms was detected only for SDOC (64.3% vs. 40.0%, P = 0.013), but this was explained by age [OR 1.99 (95% CI 0.84–4.71)]. No differences were detected for anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsOperational definitions should consider depressive symptoms, at least in women, at the time of muscle function evaluation.

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Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) Criteria are Strongly Associated With Malnutrition, Depression, Falls, and Fractures in High-Risk Older Persons

Cited by 66 publications

References 28 publications

Clarifying the relationship between sarcopenia and depression in geriatric outpatients

Clarifying the relationship between sarcopenia and depression in geriatric outpatients

Nutritional status mediates the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment: findings from the WCHAT study

Operational definitions of sarcopenia should consider depressive symptoms

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