SAR assessment on three layered spherical human head model irradiated by mobile phone antenna

Rajagopal, Balamurugan; Rajasekaran, Lalithambika

doi:10.1186/s13673-014-0010-1

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“….Jalal Khan et.al [5] designed an array of antennas operating in K-band at 28 and 38 Ghz,it gives 0.37 nd 1.34 W/kg for 5G mobile handheld Device. PVY Jayasree et.al [12] modeled a human brain in HFSS and Measured the SAR Values on Skin and Brain(0.95 W/Kg and 0.75 W/Kg) with use of Germanium or Leather as a shield between Mobile antenna and human brain and result taken at different thickness of the shield(0.1 cm and 0.2 cm ).…”

Section: Research On Sar Reduction and Adverse Effects Of Sarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified Measurement on the Impact of Radiation by Mobiles

2019

IJITEE

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in fast growing world Mobile phone has become part of the human life. Specific Absorption is a measurement for the amount of Electromagnetic energy that has been absorbed by human tissue ,. Electromagnetic Radiation associated with Mobile Phones is always as an issue that has to be addressed for human safety, Particularly for children. More focus has been paid to induced SAR in the human head when exposed to EM Waves emitted from mobile Phone Antenna, but while using mobile phone the user gets exposed to a dangerous electromagnetic Radiations. ICNIRP Prescribed some guidelines for EM Exposure Level for Public. The Present paper is discuss the SAR Values of different Mobile Phones, Measured How much People are Aware of SAR Values are given as a survey. The study is compromised individuals that visited in the survey site .The awareness is assessed using structured questions and it was recorded to measure the awareness.

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Section: Research On Sar Reduction and Adverse Effects Of Sarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified Measurement on the Impact of Radiation by Mobiles

2019

IJITEE

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“…In Ref. , a model of the human head was composed using first a single layer of brain tissue, and then three layers of different tissues; skin, skull, and brain, as shown in Figure . The density of each tissue was determined with the help of the CST material library and was specified for each layer.…”

Section: The Proposed Rf Coil and Phantomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 On the other hand, inhomogeneous phantoms can be modelled as a simple geometric shape of different layers of tissues, such as the spherical human head phantom. 4 They can also be complex in both geometric shapes and tissues, such as the human voxel models which emulate the human tissues and measure SAR very accurately, but require more resources and time during simulation. 5 This article discusses how to choose a phantom that requires fewer resources and provides an accurate performance to the RF coil.…”

Section: Human Body and Head Phantomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tissues and geometric shapes of phantoms on the specific energy absorption rate

Saleh

Sibaii

Alashban

et al. 2018

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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In this article, the effects of tissues and geometric shape complexity of human body and head phantoms on the performance of radio frequency (RF) antennas/coils are investigated. The magnetic field, H, electric field, E, and the specific energy absorption rate true(normalSnormalAnormalRtrue) of a meander dipole RF coil are calculated. The coil has been designed and fabricated at the University laboratory to resonate at the operating frequency of 7 T magnetic resonance imaging machines. Three phantoms of different geometries, homogeneous and inhomogeneous, are used in this work. It was noticed that the homogeneous spherical human head phantom exhibited higher peak SAR value (by an amount of 30%) than a homogeneous simple rectangular body model. Similarly, the geometric shape complexity of the homogeneous SAM head phantom played the dominant role in the accuracy of SAR results. The coil with the homogeneous SAM head model exhibited higher peak SAR value (by an amount of 84%) than the homogeneous spherical head model. In contrary, the inhomogeneous multilayered spherical head phantom exhibited SAR value less than the single‐layered homogenous one (by 40%). The complexity of tissues, in particular, the adult skull bone thickness, reduces the intensity of power coupled to the brain.

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“…Joshi used dipole antenna for interaction with the human head. It mandates to cope up with currently used radiating structures. There are numerous models for exposure area of interest for an exposure area such as head, Mahmoud et al used spherical phantom model, Rajagopal and Rajasekaran used a three‐layered model. These models were based on constituents classified as homogenous or heterogenous model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and reduction methods of specific absorption rate for biomedical applications: A survey

Priyadarshini

Hemanth

2017

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is an inevitable parameter to be considered for various RF dosimetry evaluations in the field of biomedical engineering. There is a much concern in exposure studies as they have a significant impact on the social and health issues in the recent global community. SAR measures the absorption of electromagnetic radiation of RF from devices in an exposure area. The significance of SAR parameter has been awakened in broad areas of technology and even considered in the design of radiating structures from biomedical devices such as MRI to also popular mobile phones. Researchers have explicated the constant interaction of electromagnetic field interactions with biological systems. The advancements in technology pose a grave concern about the impact on human health. This paper intends to undertake an extensive survey of the various current investigations done with SAR in different scenarios with possible radiating structures and also focus on exposure areas on the human body. The SAR depends on estimation parameters that are analyzed and discussed. Further, the paper will analyze comparatively the facets of implied Methodologies in SAR computation. The parametric evaluation of SAR paves the way for a requirement reduction of SAR parameter. The paper discusses current reduction methodologies and its primary advantages and details possible setbacks. The analysis indicates a requirement of the specific radiation structure for a particular area of exposure of concern, followed by a need of ideal reduction methodology.

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SAR assessment on three layered spherical human head model irradiated by mobile phone antenna

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Simplified Measurement on the Impact of Radiation by Mobiles

Simplified Measurement on the Impact of Radiation by Mobiles

Effects of tissues and geometric shapes of phantoms on the specific energy absorption rate

Investigation and reduction methods of specific absorption rate for biomedical applications: A survey

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