Saponification of wheat straw-g-polyacrylonitrile

Fanta, George F.; Burr, Robert C.; Doane, W. M.

doi:10.1002/app.1987.070330319

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…When 25.6 g of starch taken up in 2000 mL of water was heated for 1 h and reacted with 77 g of acrylic acid by refluxing the mixture for another hour in the presence of an initiator, a graft copolymer was obtained which could be used as scale preventing composite [16]. Fanta and Burr have patented the formation of mixed graft copolymer of starch obtained by grafting acrylic acid and acrylamide together onto preirradiated starch to achieve a yield of 92.3% [17]. Long back in 1976, Masuda et al [18] obtained a water absorbency as high as 219 mL/g of water, 58 mL/g of 0.5% NaCl solution, 49 mL/g of 0.1 M NaOH solution and 62 mL/g of a urine sample by preparing a hydrogel based on starch grafted with acrylic acid.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Hydrogels Based on Starchgraft-Acrylic Acid: A Review

2001

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This paper presents a reviewal profile of water absorbing resins based on graft copolymers of acrylic acid and gelatinised starch. It first elaborates on the synthesis of these hydrogels, use of these hydrogels in a variety of commercial applications, and the role of hydrogen bonding in the water absorbing capacity of these hydrogels. It describes the exact experimental conditions for producing hydrogels based on gelatinised maize starch grafted with acrylic acid showing maximum water absorption of 260 g/g.

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Section: Synthesis Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Hydrogels Based on Starchgraft-Acrylic Acid: A Review

2001

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“…Abou-Zeid et al 3 found that lignin could accelerate grafting at the initial stage of reaction when H202-Fe2+ was used as initiator. Fanta et al 4 reported that no or little graft copolymerization occurred when Ce4+ was used as initiator; nevertheless, the graft copolymerization proceeded well when H202-Fe2+ was used as initiator. However, there has been no further information reported about the effect of lignin on grafting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate on stone ground wood using the H₂O₂Fe²⁺ method

Huang

Zhao

Zheng

et al. 1992

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SYNOPSISGraft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate on stone ground wood (SGW) of masson pine was investigated. The effect of lignin on grafting was carefully examined. The phenolic hydroxyl groups of lignin were found to accelerate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and graft copolymerization of lignocellulose when minor ferrous ions were added to the system. Nevertheless, the a-hydroxyl groups of lignin had no great influence on grafting. Also, the graft copolymerization could be initiated with low ferrous ions to the hydrogen peroxide molar ratio, and, additionally, the lignin was observed to be more suitable for grafting than was the hollocellulose. INTRODUCTIONGraft copolymerization on pure cellulose has been studied extensively in the past 20 years.lP2 However, research on graft copolymerization of lignocellulose has been done relatively little. found that lignin could accelerate grafting at the initial stage of reaction when H202-Fe2+ was used as initiator. Fanta et al.4 reported that no or little graft copolymerization occurred when Ce4+ was used as initiator; nevertheless, the graft copolymerization proceeded well when H202-Fe2+ was used as initiator. However, there has been no further information reported about the effect of lignin on grafting.Lignocellulose is a natural composite material that contains cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Lignin is usually very sensitive to polymerization. Though the composition of lignocellulose and the structure of lignin are rather complicated, the sensitive component for polymerization might be the phenolic hydroxyl and a-hydroxyl groups of lignin. The phenolic hydroxyl groups of lignin could be shrouded by methylation with diazomethane (CH2N2) and a-hydroxyl groups could also be shrouded by methylation with methanolic hydrochloric acid. If these components (functional groups of lignin) have an influence on grafting, the grafting copolymerization will be different after the functional groups of lignin were shrouded. Based on this assumption, the effect of lignin on grafting was investigated. The competition between lignin and hollocellulose for grafting was studied. Some parameters affecting grafting were also examined. EXPERIMENTAL MaterialsStone ground wood (SGW) of masson pine was used as the lignocellulose material and was extracted with a benzyl/alcohol ( 2 : 1) mixture and hot water. Methyl methacrylate was purified by the conventional method. All other chemicals were of AR grade. Methylation of Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups of LigninSGW was treated with diazomethane ( CH2N2) according to the procedure described by Gierer and Wallin.5 Methylation of a-Hydroxyl Groups of LigninSGW was treated with methanolic hydrochloric acid ( HC1-CH30H) according to the method described by Marton and Adler.' Determination of Phenolic Hydroxyl and a-Hydroxyl Groups of LigninThe phenolic hydroxyl and a-hydroxyl groups of the milled wood lignin' prepared from various samples were determined according to the selective aminolysis method.' Adsorption of Ferrous IonsSGW (0.5 g...

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“…The Because of its low cost and high activity, hydrogen peroxide, in the form of Fenton's reagent (FeSO 4 experimental results showed that the structure of the PAN membrane did not change and the H 2 O 2 ) as a redox initiator, has been extensively used for grafting vinyl monomers onto starch, [1][2][3] wettability of it was improved after modification. 19 In this work, we report on the investigation cellulose, [4][5][6] wool, 7,8 gelation, 9 sodium alginate, 10,11 natural rubber, 12 jute fiber, 13 and synof grafting AAm onto PAN membranes using the Fe 2/ /H 2 O 2 initiating system. thetic polymers such as poly(ethylene terephthalate).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Acrylonitrile Copolymer Membranes by Grafting Acrylamide. II. Initiation by Fe2+/H2O2

Yuan¹,

Sheng²,

He³

et al. 1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Surface modification of membranes of an acrylonitrile copolymer (PAN) containing 5.5% methyl methacrylate and 4.0% sodium methylpropylenesulfonate by grafting acrylamide (AAm) with ferrous ammonium sulfate/H 2 O 2 as an initiator in aqueous medium was studied. The grafted copolymer was verified by infrared spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). From the SEM photos, we know that the AAm homopolymer branches were grafted onto the surface of the membrane and the morphology of the PAN membrane did not change. The results showed that the extent of grafting was varied with some parameters, such as the pH value of the medium, reaction time and temperature, and concentration of AAm and H 2 O 2 . The results of the water-absorption percent of the membrane showed that the wettability of the modified PAN membrane was improved.

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Saponification of wheat straw-g-polyacrylonitrile

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Recent Trends in Hydrogels Based on Starchgraft-Acrylic Acid: A Review

Recent Trends in Hydrogels Based on Starchgraft-Acrylic Acid: A Review

Graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate on stone ground wood using the H₂O₂Fe²⁺ method

Surface Modification of Acrylonitrile Copolymer Membranes by Grafting Acrylamide. II. Initiation by Fe2+/H2O2

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Saponification of wheat straw-g-polyacrylonitrile

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Recent Trends in Hydrogels Based on Starchgraft-Acrylic Acid: A Review

Recent Trends in Hydrogels Based on Starchgraft-Acrylic Acid: A Review

Graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate on stone ground wood using the H2O2Fe2+ method

Surface Modification of Acrylonitrile Copolymer Membranes by Grafting Acrylamide. II. Initiation by Fe2+/H2O2

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Graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate on stone ground wood using the H₂O₂Fe²⁺ method