SAPALDIA: Methods and participation in the cross-sectional part of the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults

Martin, Brian W.; Ackermann‐Liebrich, Ursula; Leuenberger, P; Künzli, Nino; Stutz, Elisabeth Zemp; Keller, Roland; Zellweger, J.P.; Wüthrich, B; Monn, Christian; Blaser, Kurt; Bolognini, G; Bongard, Jean-Pierre; Brändli, O; Braun, P; Defila, Claudio; Domenighetti, Guido; Grize, Leticia; Karrer, Werner; Keller-Wossidlo, Harriet; Tc, Medici; Peeters, Annie Gérard; Perruchoud, André P.; Schindler, Christian; Schoeni, Martin H.; Schwartz, Joel; Solari, G; Tschopp, Jean‐Marie; Villiger, B

doi:10.1007/bf01318136

Cited by 167 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It was based on the questionnaire of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey and used in three languages (German, Italian and French) depending on the investigated area. There were no significant differences in the demographic data (age, race, sex, social status) between the subjects who participated and those who refused to participate [9]. The cohort studied was therefore representative of the selected population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Clinical diagnosis of current asthma: predictive value of respiratory symptoms in the SAPALDIA study

Sistek¹,

Jm²,

Schindler³

et al. 2001

Eur Respir J

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Bronchial asthma is a very common disease which often remains underdiagnosed. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of the most common respiratory symptoms and to explore the best symptom combinations to predict diagnosis of asthma.A questionnaire comprising common respiratory symptoms was submitted to 9,651 subjects aged 18 -60 yrs, randomly selected from the Swiss population, of whom 225 subjects (2.3%) had current asthma as confirmed by their general practitioner. Based on these data the authors calculated the predictive values of single symptoms and symptom combinations to diagnose asthma.Wheezing was the most sensitive single symptom (sensitivity 75%). Simple symptoms such as wheezing with dyspnoea, chronic phlegm or chronic cough had specificity greater than 95%. Wheezing with dyspnoea (WD) or nocturnal dyspnoea (ND) had the best positive predictive value (PPV) as isolated symptoms (24% and 21%, respectively). When combining symptoms, wheezing associated with daily dyspnoea at rest or nocturnal dyspnoea showed the best PPV (42% and 39%, respectively), almost double single symptoms such as WD or ND. Wheezing associated with at least two of the three nocturnal symptoms (nocturnal dyspnoea, nocturnal cough or nocturnal chest tightness) had a sensitivity of 80% to diagnose asthma.In conclusion, respiratory symptoms obtained by medical history are reliable predictors of asthma. The findings suggest that particular combinations of symptoms are clinically useful in the differential diagnosis of asthma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The data were collected from the SAPALDIA (Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults) study, a project financed by the Swiss National Research Foundation [9].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical diagnosis of current asthma: predictive value of respiratory symptoms in the SAPALDIA study

Sistek¹,

Jm²,

Schindler³

et al. 2001

Eur Respir J

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“…Short-term effects have been described by Pope, who found a reduction in HRV in 16 never smoking subjects equipped with Holter monitors, who were moved from the non-smoking section of an airport to the smoking lounge. 12 Reports from the 1991 SAPALDIA (Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults) study 13 describe the effects of ETS on respiratory symptoms in never smokers 14 and on lung function in asthmatics. 15 In the follow-up study (SAPALDIA 2), we also show a higher probability of the development of asthma in subjects exposed to ETS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of passive smoking on heart rate variability, heart rate and blood pressure: an observational study

Dietrich

Schwartz

Schindler

et al. 2007

International Journal of Epidemiology

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Background Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been shown to increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases and death, and autonomic dysfunction (specifically, reduced heart rate variability (HRV)) is a predictor of increased cardiac risk. This study tests the hypothesis that ETS exposure reduces HRV in the general population and discusses possible pathways. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2001 and 2003 and is part of the SAPALDIA (Swiss CohortStudy on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults) study. The analysis included 1218 randomly selected non-smokers aged 50 and above who participated in 24-h electrocardiogram recordings. Other examinations included an interview, investigating health status (especially respiratory and cardiovascular health and health relevant behaviours and exposure to ETS) and measurements of blood pressure, body height and weight. ResultsSubjects exposed to ETS at home or at work for more than 2 h/day had a difference of À15% in total power (95%CI: À26 to À3%), low frequency power (À28 to À1%), low/high frequency ratio (À26 to À3%) and À18% (À29 to À4%) in ultralow frequency power of HRV compared with subjects not exposed to ETS at home or work. We also found a 2.7% (À0.01 to 5.34%) higher heart rate during the recording in exposed subjects.Conclusions Exposure to ETS at home and work is associated with lower HRV and with higher heart rate in an ageing population. Our findings suggest that exposure to ETS increases cardiac risk through disturbances in the autonomic nervous system.

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“…Many factors contributed to the prevalence and/or attacks of asthma, including personal factors (smoking habits, genetics, age, sex, nutritional status, physiologic status, coexisting lung disease, lifestyle, allergy status, family history, and occupation) and environmental stimuli (outdoor and indoor pollution, aeroallergens, climate) (12). The relative importance of outdoor air pollution exposure to the incidence and prevalence of asthma as compared to other intrinsic and environmental factors is not understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate, traffic-related air pollutants, and asthma prevalence in middle-school children in taiwan.

Guo

Lin

Sung

et al. 1999

Environ Health Perspect

162

105

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This study compared the prevalence of asthma with climate and air pollutant data to determine the relationship between asthma prevalence and these factors. We conducted a nationwide survey of respiratory illness and symptoms in middle-school students in Taiwan. Lifetime prevalences of physician-diagnosed asthma and of typical symptoms of asthma were compared to air monitoring station data for temperature, relative humidity, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter . 10 jam (PM1O). A total of 331,686 nonsmoking children attended schools located within 2 km of 55 stations. Asthma prevalence rates adjusted for age, history of atopic eczema, and parental education were associated with nonsummer (June-August) temperature, winter January-March) humidity, and trafficrelated air pollution, especially carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, for both girls and boys.Nonsummer temperature, winter humidity, and traffic-related air pollution, especially carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, were positively associated with the prevalence of asthma in middle-school students in Taiwan.

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SAPALDIA: Methods and participation in the cross-sectional part of the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults

Cited by 167 publications

References 17 publications

Clinical diagnosis of current asthma: predictive value of respiratory symptoms in the SAPALDIA study

Clinical diagnosis of current asthma: predictive value of respiratory symptoms in the SAPALDIA study

Effects of passive smoking on heart rate variability, heart rate and blood pressure: an observational study

Climate, traffic-related air pollutants, and asthma prevalence in middle-school children in taiwan.

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