Sandstone Diagenesis: The Evolution of Sand to Stone

Worden, Richard H.; Burley, Stuart D.

doi:10.1002/9781444304459.ch

Cited by 221 publications

(284 citation statements)

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“…Stream flow cannibalized the previously cemented eolian sand sheet deposits, which furnished the main clastic source of the fluvial conglomerates, indicating the sand materials were been subjected to early cementation processes. In dry and hot continental environments, where the evaporation exceeds the meteoric influx, the groundwater flux is upward directed, facilitating the mineral precipitation (Worden & Burley 2003). Similar interpretation was described by Rodriguéz-Lopez et al 2012 to explain the origin of sandy intraclast in eolian Teruel Basin (Spain).…”

Section: Unusual High Thickness Of the Eolian Sand Sheet Successionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Unusual thick eolian sand sheet sedimentary succession: Paleoproterozoic Bandeirinha Formation, Minas Gerais

Simplício

Basílici

2015

Braz. J. Geol.

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Some present-day eolian sand sheets have small and width dunes, called zibars, as common type of depositional morphology. Their formation is related to different stabilizing factors, which reduce the availability of clastic materials for eolian processes. In fact, zibars are dunes which do not have time to develop a larger dune with slipface (proto-dune). Dunes in sands sheet areas generally are constructed by wind ripple laminations and commonly generate sedimentary succession less than 20 m thick, which are the consequence of low sand supply. This study deals with an uncommon eolian sand sheet sedimentary succession more than 50 m thick, Proterozoic in age, known as Bandeirinha Formation. This paper tries to explain the anomalous thick of this sand sheet sedimentary succession. High thickness was probably the result of a high input of sand material, combine with low availability of sand, thus allowing the only construction of proto-dunes (zibars). Early cementation, due to near-surface evaporation of saline water, has been proposed as main factor that reduced the sand availability into this eolian system. Finally, the subsidence processes related to the first stage of rift Espinhaço Basin must have generated the accommodation space to preserve the sand sheet succession. KEYWORDS:Eolian sand sheet; zibar; ephemeral channel rivers; Bandeirinha Formation; Paleoproterozoic. RESUMO: Em alguns lençóis de areia eólica atuais existem dunas pequenas e largas, chamadas zibars, como tipo comum de morfologia deposicional. Sua formação é relacionada a diferentes fatores de estabilização, os quais reduzem a disponibilidade de materiais clásticos para os processos eólicos. De fato, os zibars são dunas que não tiveram tempo para se desenvolver como grandes dunas (protodunas). As dunas dos lençóis de areia (zibars) geralmente são construídas por laminações de marcas onduladas de vento e comumente geram sucessões com menos de 20 m de espessura

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Section: Unusual High Thickness Of the Eolian Sand Sheet Successionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Unusual thick eolian sand sheet sedimentary succession: Paleoproterozoic Bandeirinha Formation, Minas Gerais

Simplício

Basílici

2015

Braz. J. Geol.

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“…A diagenezis-történet felvázolásakor munkánkban MORAD et al (2000) és WORDEN & BURLEY (2003) beosztását követtük. Ezeknek megfelelően a diagenezis három szakasza különböztethető meg: eogenezis, vagyis sekély betemetődési, mezogenezis, vagyis mély betemetődési és telogenezis, a kiemelkedéshez kapcsolódó diagenezis.…”

Section: Diagenezis-történeti éRtékelésunclassified

“…kompakció, cementáció). A pórus -folyadékkal kölcsönhatásban lévő instabil vagy metastabil ásványok oldódása folyamatosan alakítja a pórusfolyadék összetételét, és ezáltal döntően meghatározza a diagene tikus folyamatokhoz rendelkezésre álló reagenseket (MORAD 1998, MORAD et al 2000, WORDEN & BURLEY 2003, APPELO & POSTMA 2009, BOGGS 2009, BJØRLYKKE 2014.…”

Section: Diagenezis-történeti éRtékelésunclassified

“…Pirit anyagú cement az eogenezis és a mezogenezis során egyaránt keletkezhet (MORAD 1998, WORDEN & BURLEY 2003, APPELO & POSTMA 2009. A framboidális (szub-mikrométeres nagyságú, szederre emlékeztető szerke zetű) pirit azonban tipikusan eogenetikus forma (<60-80°C) és általában a szulfátion, valamint a törmelékes Fe 3+ bakteriális redukciójával keletkezik akár a betemetődés legkorábbi stádiumában (kis, általában néhány méteres mélységben) a félig konszolidált üledékben (WORDEN & BURLEY 2003, MACHEL et al 1995, MACHEL 2001, KRAJEWSKI & WOŹNY 2009. A bakteriális szulfátredukció folyamata során a rendelkezésre álló szerves anyag oldott oxigént nem tartalmazó (azaz anoxikus) pórusvízben oxidálódik.…”

Section: Diagenezis-történeti éRtékelésunclassified

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Az Endrődi Formáció kőzettani és palinológiai vizsgálata a Hódmezővásárhely–I fúrásban (Makói-árok) — őskörnyezeti és diagenezis-történeti értékelés

Varga¹,

Baranyi

Raucsik³

et al. 2017

Földt. Közl.

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This paper presents the results of a mineralogical, petrographic and palynological study of selected Pannonian calcareous marl and sandstone samples penetrated by the Hódmezővásárhely-I (Hód-I) well, Endrőd Formation (Tótkomlós Member, cores 35 and 40, 5167.0-5183.0 m and 5468.0-5486.0 m, respectively); this formation is part of the Makó Trough of the Pannonian Basin, SE Hungary. The studied sections comprise mixed carbonate-siliciclastic rocks with abundant silt-to sand-sized angular grains such as monocrystalline and polycrystalline quartz, muscovite, biotite, chlorite, carbonate and metamorphic rock fragments. This polymictic and immature clast composition reflects the importance of local provenance, suggesting that intrabasinal structural highs represent additional source areas to the basin. Palynological analysis was carried out on selected core segments of the well in order to provide a biostratigraphic framework and palaeoenvironmental interpretation for the studied interval. In the investigated samples two biozones were distinguished: the Spiniferites bentorii oblongus Zone and the Spiniferites paradoxus Zone. The successive changes of the dinocyst assemblages reflect changes in the distance from the shoreline or the terrestrial input from the margin of the Makó Trough. The older assemblage indicates a more proximal setting in relation to the shoreline and/or a higher terrestrial input; the younger dinocyst assemblage -with a more open-water taxa point in relation to a greater distance from the shoreline -represents an increase in the water level, and/or decreased terrestrial input. The predominance of membranous dinocysts in this assemblage indicates a fluctuation in the lake surface salinity, or possibly a shift to a holoplanktonic lifestyle due to periodical oxygen depletion in the water column. The assemblages of both zones demonstrate their regional distribution throughout the whole Pannonian Basin and therefore they can be used to document regional scale trends in phytoplankton communities, as well as implying the communication of water bodies. The colour and preservation of the palynomorphs suggests significant burial heating and the high maturity of the sedimentary organic matter. In the studied samples a series of paragenetic events have been identified using petrographic methods. Early diagenesis was generally represented by cementation (i.e. of framboidal pyrite and carbonates with variable iron content) and weak mechanical compaction. On the other hand, late diagenesis involved pressure solution (chemical compaction), cementation (late pyrite) and, occasionally, dolomite replacement and mineral transformation (smectite to illite) processes. It is noteworthy that in these two core sections neither significant macroporosity nor microporosity were observed, this being due to pervasive cementation.Keywords: Pannonian, endemic, dinocysts, Spiniferites, diagenesis, paragenetic sequence ÖsszefoglalásMunkánkban a Hódmezővásárhely-I fúrás 35. és 40. magfúrási szakaszaiból (5167,0-5183,0 m, ill...

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“…5). This succession can be related to the following sequence of processes that characterizes the three diagenetic stages (eodiagenesis, mesodiagenesis and telodiagenesis) according to the criteria proposed by Choquette and Pray (1970), Schmidt and McDonald (1979a, b) and Worden and Burley (2003). The fi rst two stages (eodiagenesis and mesodiagenesis) refer to burial stages and are equivalent to those proposed by Machel (1999), as shallow burial, intermediate burial and deep burial.…”

Section: Secondary Porositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenetic paths in the margin of a Triassic Basin: NW zone of the Iberian Chain, Spain

Ochoa

Arribas

2005

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Buntsandstein deposits generated in a slowly subsiding basin on the western margin of the Iberian Chain are represented by a stratigraphic succession of fluvial deposits less than 100 m thick (conglomerates, sandstones, and shales). Diagenetic processes in sand stones can be grouped as eodiagenetic, mesodiagenetic, and telodiagenetic. Eodiagenesis can be associated with Muschelkalk, Keuper, and probably early Juras sic times. Mesodiagenesis is probably related to Jurassic times. Diagenetic chemical reactions suggest a maximum burial less than 1.5 km and low tempera tures « 120°C). Patterns of porosity reduction by compaction and cementation suggest four diagenetic stages: (1) Loss of primary porosity by early mechanical compaction; (2) early cementation (K feldspar and dolomite); (3) dissolution of cements; and (4) framework collapse by re-compaction. These stages are manifested by the presence of two types of sand stone. Type I sandstones present high intergranular volume (mean, 30%). Type II sandstones are charac terized by high compactional porosity loss and exhibit low values of intergranular volume (mean, 16.9%). Type 11 sandstones are associated with the dissolution of cement and later re-compaction of type I sand stones. An intermediate telodiagenetic phase is de duced and related to the sharp unconformity between Lower Cretaceous sediments and the underlying sedi ments. This suggests that a mechanically unstable framework collapsed during the Cretaceous, generating type II sandstones. The analyzed diagenetic paths have a wide applicability on similar marginal areas of rift basins.

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Sandstone Diagenesis: The Evolution of Sand to Stone

Cited by 221 publications

References 92 publications

Unusual thick eolian sand sheet sedimentary succession: Paleoproterozoic Bandeirinha Formation, Minas Gerais

Unusual thick eolian sand sheet sedimentary succession: Paleoproterozoic Bandeirinha Formation, Minas Gerais

Az Endrődi Formáció kőzettani és palinológiai vizsgálata a Hódmezővásárhely–I fúrásban (Makói-árok) — őskörnyezeti és diagenezis-történeti értékelés

Diagenetic paths in the margin of a Triassic Basin: NW zone of the Iberian Chain, Spain

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