Sample preparation

Abstract

A panorama of sample preparation methods has been composed from 481 references, with a highlight of some promising methods fast developed during recent years and a somewhat brief introduction on most of the well-developed methods. All the samples were commonly referred to molecular composition, being extendable to particles including cells but not to organs, tissues and larger bodies. Some criteria to evaluate or validate a sample preparation method were proposed for reference. Strategy for integration of several methods to prepare complicated protein samples for proteomic studies was illustrated and discussed.

Determination of Surfactants in Environmental Samples. Part III. Non-Ionic Compounds

“…The octadecylsilica sorbents allow for achieve high recoveries for different alkylphenol ethoxylates oligomers and low for nonylphenols and octylephenols [18,19]. The use of GCB or C 18 sorbents give possibility to isolation of anionic (LAS, SPC, AES) and non-ionic (APEO, APEC, NP) surface active compounds in single extraction [20][21][22].The highly cross-linked PSDB (polymeric sorbent) was used for simultaneous isolation of APs, short-chain AP 1-5 EOs [23] and long-chain AP [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] EOs (low recoveries for long-chain compounds) [7]. The comparison of octadecylsilica and polymeric sorbents applied for isolation of non-ionic SAA from liquid samples provide to conclusions that both sorbents have obtained similar recoveries of analytes, but polymeric sorbent allows for faster extraction of larger sample volumes [7,23].…”

QuEChERS: um método moderno de preparo de amostra para determinação multirresíduo de pesticidas em alimentos por métodos cromatográficos acoplados à espectrometria de massas

“…Desta maneira, o preparo da amostra é uma etapa crucial dentro de todo o processo analítico. 6,7 Nos últimos anos, ocorreu um rápido desenvolvimento de novos métodos analíticos, para a determinação de resíduos de pesticidas em produtos agrícolas. Geralmente, a complexidade da matriz destes produtos ocasiona dificuldades para a quantificação dos pesticidas, sendo necessária a realização de uma etapa de purificação (clean-up) do extrato, após extração com solvente.…”

A fully automated effervescence assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on a stepwise injection system. Determination of antipyrine in saliva samples

“…Sample preparation plays an important role in chemical analysis [1]. As usual, it includes the separation and/or pre-concentration of the analytes from the sample matrix with the improvements of selectivity and sensitivity.…”