Sambucus nigra Extracts Inhibit Infectious Bronchitis Virus at an Early Point during Replication

Abstract

Background: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a pathogenic chicken coronavirus. Currently, vaccination against IBV is only partially protective; therefore, better preventions and treatments are needed. Plants produce antimicrobial secondary compounds, which may be a source for novel anti-viral drugs. Non-cytotoxic, crude ethanol extracts of Rhodiola rosea roots, Nigella sativa seeds, and Sambucus nigra fruit were tested for anti-IBV activity, since these safe, widely used plant tissues contain polyphenol derivatives that inhibit other viruses.

Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry

“…In addition, electron microscopy of virions that were treated with elderberry extract demonstrated compromised envelopes and the presence of membrane vesicles. There are data that indicate that the pretreatment with elderberry extract of IBV infection leads to damage to the virus extensive membrane and probably renders the virus non-infectious (Chen et al, 2014). Antiviral activity of elder bark was evaluated in relation to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), which frequently occurs in domestic cats and from the point of view of biological and pathogenic functions is very similar to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).…”

Quantification of Anthocyanins in Elderberry and Chokeberry Dietary Supplements

“…Ellagic acid and myricetin in chokeberry have been identified as having actions against influenza viruses (Park et al, 2013). The active principle of elderberry inhibited infectious bronchitis virus at an early point in infection, probably by rendering the virus noninfectious (Chen et al, 2014). Oral administration of the high molecular weight fractions of concentrated elderberry juice to mice infected with human influenza A inhibited viral replication in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and increased the level of neutralising antibody in the serum; it also increased levels of secretory IgA in the lavage fluid and faeces.…”

The 3D8 single chain variable fragment protein suppress infectious bronchitis virus transmission in the transgenic chickens

“…Also, it is infected in the respiratory tract, gut, kidney, and reproductive system of chicken which ultimately affects meat and egg production (Awad et al, 2014). A number of antiviral studies have been conducted against IBV in response to these problems (Harrison et al, 2007;Jackwood et al, 2010;Sun et al, 2010;Li et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2014;Shojai et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2017). In the present study, we investigated resistance against IBV in chickens using 3D8 scFv.…”