Salvianolic acid B alleviates myocardial ischemic injury by promoting mitophagy and inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

Abstract

ischemic heart disease is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is one of the main water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. numerous studies have demonstrated that Sal B could exert significant anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effects; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To elucidate the association between myocardial ischemia and inflammation, and to develop effective protective drugs, a rat model of myocardial ischemia was induced using isoproterenol (iSo) and an inflammation model in H9c2 cells was induced with lipopolysaccharide + adenosine triphosphate. Both of these models were treated with different concentrations of Sal B (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg in vivo; 1, 5 and 25 µM in vitro). In vivo, the serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and il-1β, the cardiac function and the mrna expression levels of nlr family pyrin domain-containing 3 (nlrP3) inflammasome components were evaluated using ELISAs, an electrocardiogram, hematoxylin and eosin staining and reverse transcription-quantitative Pcr, respectively. The results demonstrated that treatment with Sal B markedly alleviated the acute myocardial ischemic injury induced by hypodermic injection of iSo in rats. In vitro, the results of reactive oxygen species (roS) detection, Jc-1 staining, western blotting and Tunel assays showed that Sal B treatment significantly inhibited intracellular roS production, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, regulated the expression of mitophagy-related proteins, inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibited apoptosis in H9C2 cells. in conclusion, these findings indicated that Sal B exerted protective effects against myocardial ischemic injury by promoting mitophagy and maintaining mitochondrial function.

Tengdan Capsule Prevents Hypertensive Kidney Damage in SHR by Inhibiting Periostin-Mediated Renal Fibrosis

“…Redix Salvia miltiorrhizae is a traditional medicinal plant, which is widely used in Asian countries due to its pharmacological effects. Studies have shown that one of its active ingredients, Redix Salvia miltiorrhiza , has obvious anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effects ( Hu et al, 2020 ). Another active ingredient, Protocatechualdehyde, is a major component of salvia miltiorrhiza that reduces cardiovascular ischemic injury by inhibiting the ER stress-related PERK, IRE1α, and ATF6α signaling pathways ( Wan et al, 2020 ).…”

Phytochemicals: Targeting Mitophagy to Treat Metabolic Disorders

“…In lipopolysaccharide + adenosine triphosphate-administrated H9C2 cells, salvianolic acid B markedly prevents ROS production, NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory response and cell apoptosis, and enhances mitochondrial membrane potential. Further evidence has confirmed that salvianolic acid B promotes SIRT1-mediated mitophagy to restore mitochondrial function, thereby preventing myocardial ischemic injury ( Hu et al, 2020 ). Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome-regulated inflammatory responses are responsible for the development of atherosclerosis.…”

Traditional chinese medicine in coronary microvascular disease

“…Salvianolic acid B, as one of the main water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has significant anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effects. Hu et al (2020 ) established a myocardial ischemia model and H9C2 cell inflammation model in rats and treated them with different concentrations of salvianolic acid B. Results showed that salvianolic acid B could significantly decrease acute myocardial ischemic injury in rats, significantly inhibit the production of ROS in H9C2 cells, increase the mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibit activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and inhibit apoptosis.…”