Salton Sea aerosol exposure in mice induces a pulmonary response distinct from allergic inflammation

Aerosolized Desert Dusts Collected Near a Drying Lake and Pulmonary Inflammation in Mice: Implications for Environmental Exposures and Asthma

“…We injected suspensions of fine aerosols (~100nm diameter) into an environmental chamber for chronic exposures of mice. In previous studies on exposure to aerosols generated from Salton Sea water ("sea spray"), the exposed lungs showed induction of sets of genes associated with low level immune activation; however, no active tissue inflammation (i.e., recruitment of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes) was detected above background (Biddle et al, 2021). 21 In striking contrast, in mice exposed for 7 days to aerosolized extracts from Salton Sea dust collected at the Imperial Wister Unit, there was infiltration by (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder.…”

“…This is not a limitation of the relatively short term (7d) aerosol exposure, as similar exposure to aerosols of the fungal allergen Alternaria produces robust allergic inflammation within 4 to 7 days (Peng et al, 2018; Biddle et al, 2021). 21,35 Second, exposures of only 48 hours induced the strongest neutrophil recruitment (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved.…”

“…Contaminants such as pesticides, herbicides, heavy metals, along with microbial toxins, have been found in the Salton Sea (Carmichael and Li, 2006;Xu et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2016;Zhou et al, 2017). [18][19][20] We previously showed that aerosolized Salton Sea water is capable of inducing gene expression changes indicating a mild inflammatory genotype without overt inflammatory cell recruitment (Biddle et al, 2021). 21 However, in that paper we had not examined the potential contributions of dust in pulmonary disease.…”

“…[18][19][20] We previously showed that aerosolized Salton Sea water is capable of inducing gene expression changes indicating a mild inflammatory genotype without overt inflammatory cell recruitment (Biddle et al, 2021). 21 However, in that paper we had not examined the potential contributions of dust in pulmonary disease.…”

“…[18][19][20] We previously showed that aerosolized Salton Sea water is capable of inducing gene expression changes indicating a mild inflammatory genotype without overt inflammatory cell recruitment (Biddle et al, 2021). 21 However, in that paper we had not examined the potential contributions of dust in pulmonary disease. While there have been previous studies examining the toxic effects of dust from the Salton Sea Basin, these studies relied on a single collected site and either an in vitro model (D'Evelyn et al, 2021), 22 or intranasal administration of whole dust without a control dust site (Burr et al, 2021).…”