Salt Tolerance and Crop Potential of Halophytes

Glenn, Edward P.; Brown, J. Jed; Blumwald, Eduardo

doi:10.1016/s0735-2689(99)00388-3

Cited by 446 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…The ability to compartmentalize Na ? and Cl -is considered an underlying determinant of the resistance not only of halophytes but also of many crop species (Glenn and Brown 1999). This is supported by the evidence that the overexpression of Na ?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana Na+/H+ antiporter gene enhanced salt resistance in transgenic poplar (Populus × euramericana ‘Neva’)

Jiang

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2011

Trees

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Salinity is a major abiotic stress factor limiting plant growth and productivity. One possible method to enhance plant salt-resistance is to compartmentalize sodium ions away from the cytosol. In the present work, a vacuolar Na ? /H ? antiporter gene AtNHX1 from Arabidopsis thaliana, was transferred into Populus 9 euramericana 'Neva' by Agrobacterium tumefaciens in order to enhance poplar salt-resistance. The results showed that the transgenic poplar were more resistant to NaCl than the wild-type (WT) in greenhouse condition. Compared with the WT, plant growth and photosynthetic capacity of the transgenic plants were enhanced, and the transgenic plants accumulated more Na ? and K ? in roots and leaves under the same NaCl condition, whereas malondialdehyde and relative electrical conductivity were lower. All of these properties of the transgenic poplar were likely to be a consequence of the overexpression of AtNHX1 caused Na ? sequestration in the vacuoles and improved K ? absorption, thus reducing their toxic effects. These results indicated overexpression of the AtNHX1 enhanced salt-resistance of poplar, and AtNHX1 played an important role in the compartmentation of Na ? into the vacuoles. Therefore, this study provides an effective way for improving salt resistance in trees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Among different mechanisms of salt resistance, intracellular compartmentalization, intended for keeping toxic ions away from cytoplasm, involves an energy-dependent transport of ions into the vacuole (Glenn and Brown 1999;Zheng et al 2009). The ability to compartmentalize Na ?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana Na+/H+ antiporter gene enhanced salt resistance in transgenic poplar (Populus × euramericana ‘Neva’)

Jiang

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2011

Trees

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“…As a very least, all the Na ? pumped into vacuole has to be safely locked in there and prevented from back-leak into cytosol (Pantoja et al 1989;Glenn et al 1999;Shabala 2013). This implies an efficient control over permeability of tonoplast slow (SV) and fast (FV) vacuolar channels (Bonales-Alatorre et al 2013a, b), and it was recently shown that stress-induced increase in the level of compatible solutes (specifically, choline) may be pivotal to this process ).…”

Section: Salinity Tolerance In Barleymentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing and validating a high-throughput assay for salinity tissue tolerance in wheat and barley

Shabala

Zhou

et al. 2015

Planta

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Leaf tissue tolerance was strongly and positively correlated with overall salt tolerance in barley, but not in wheat where the inability of sensitive varieties to exclude Na(+) is compensated by their better ability to handle Na(+) accumulated in the shoot via tissue tolerance mechanisms. A new high-throughput assay was developed to use the excised leaves to eliminate the confounding contribution of sodium exclusion mechanisms and evaluate genetic variability in salinity tissue tolerance in a large number of wheat (Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) accessions. The changes in relative chlorophyll content (measured as chlorophyll content index, CCI) in excised leaves exposed to 50 mM NaCl for 48 h were found to be a reliable indicator of leaf tissue tolerance. In both wheat and barley, relative CCI correlated strongly with the overall plant salinity tolerance (evaluated in glasshouse experiments). To a large extent, this tissue tolerance was related to more efficient vacuolar Na(+) sequestration in leaf mesophyll, as revealed by fluorescent Na(+) dye imaging experiments. However, while in barley this correlation was positive, tissue tolerance in wheat correlated negatively with overall salinity tolerance. As a result, more salt-sensitive durum wheat genotypes possessed higher tissue tolerance than bread wheat plants, and this negative correlation was present within each of bread and durum wheat clusters as well. Overall, these results indicate that the lack of effective Na(+) exclusion ability in sensitive wheat varieties is compensated by their better ability to handle Na(+) accumulated in the shoot via tissue tolerance mechanisms. Implications of these findings for plant breeding for salinity tolerance are discussed.

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“…This activity has been proposed to reduce the transport of Na + ions to the leaves, thereby ameliorating stress-induced damage to these organs (Shi et al 2002). In addition, some halophytes tolerate saline environments by using energydependent transporters to sequester ions in the vacuole (Glenn et al 1999). In Arabidopsis and tomato, increased expression of the vacuolar Na + /H + antiporter leads to salt tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental stress alters genes expression and induces ovule abortion: reactive oxygen species appear as ovules commit to abort

Sun

Cui

Hauser

2005

Planta

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Environmental stress dramatically reduces plant reproduction. Previous results showed that placing roots in 200 mM NaCl for 12 h caused 90% of the developing Arabidopsis ovules to abort (Sun et al. in Plant Physiol 135:2358-2367, 2004). To discover the molecular responses that occur during ovule abortion, gene expression was monitored using Affymetrix 24k genome arrays. Transcript levels were measured in pistils that were stressed for 6, 12, 18, and 24 h, then compared with the levels in healthy pistils. Over the course of this experiment, a total of 535 salt-responsive genes were identified. Cluster analysis showed that differentially expressed genes exhibited reproducible changes in expression. The expression of 65 transcription factors, some of which are known to be involved in stress responses, were modulated during ovule abortion. In flowers, salt stress led to a 30-fold increase in Na+ ions and modest, but significant, decreases in the accumulation of other ions. The expression of cation exchangers and ion transporters were induced, presumably to reestablish ion homeostasis following salt stress. Genes that encode enzymes that detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS), including ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase, were downregulated after ovules committed to abort. These changes in gene expression coincided with the synthesis of ROS in female gametophytes. One day after salt stress, ROS spread from the gametophytes to the maternal chalaza and integuments. In addition, genes encoding proteins that regulate ethylene responses, including ethylene biosynthesis, ethylene signal transduction and ethylene-responsive transcription factors, were upregulated after stress. Hypotheses are proposed on the basis of this expression analysis, which will be evaluated further in future experiments.

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Salt Tolerance and Crop Potential of Halophytes

Cited by 446 publications

References 175 publications

Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana Na+/H+ antiporter gene enhanced salt resistance in transgenic poplar (Populus × euramericana ‘Neva’)

Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana Na+/H+ antiporter gene enhanced salt resistance in transgenic poplar (Populus × euramericana ‘Neva’)

Developing and validating a high-throughput assay for salinity tissue tolerance in wheat and barley

Environmental stress alters genes expression and induces ovule abortion: reactive oxygen species appear as ovules commit to abort

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